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Education Technology

Computers To Mark English Essays 243

digitig writes "According to The Guardian, computers are to be used in the UK to mark English examination essays. 'Pearson, the American-based parent company of Edexcel, is to use computers to "read" and assess essays for international English tests in a move that has fueled speculation that GCSEs and A-levels will be next. ... Pearson claims this will be more accurate than human marking.' Can computers now understand all the subtle nuances of language, or are people going to have to learn an especially bland form of English to pass exams?"
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Computers To Mark English Essays

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  • by Norsefire ( 1494323 ) * on Saturday September 26, 2009 @12:20AM (#29546417) Journal
    Having failed to kill him, SkyNet sent a Terminator back in time to make John Connor fail English.
  • Graduate Record Exam (Score:5, Informative)

    by ub3r n3u7r4l1st ( 1388939 ) * on Saturday September 26, 2009 @12:21AM (#29546421)

    The GRE Writing portion is already using it.

    From http://www.ets.org/portal/site/ets/menuitem.1488512ecfd5b8849a77b13bc3921509/?vgnextoid=ebd42d3631df4010VgnVCM10000022f95190RCRD&vgnextchannel=54c846f1674f4010VgnVCM10000022f95190RCRD [ets.org]

    "For the computer-based Analytical Writing section, each essay receives a score from at least one trained reader, using a six-point holistic scale. In holistic scoring, readers are trained to assign scores on the basis of the overall quality of an essay in response to the assigned task. The essay score is then reviewed by e-rater, a computerized program developed by ETS, which is being used to monitor the human reader. If the e-rater evaluation and the human score agree, the human score is used as the final score. If they disagree by a certain amount, a second human score is obtained, and the final score is the average of the two human scores."

    If you find a way on what the algorithm look for, even a software-generated essay can get 6's.

    • This stuff's been around for ages. Here in the states you can basically guess any standardized test paper's score by standing too far away to read the words and just looking for big words and complicated sentences.

    • Re: (Score:3, Interesting)

      by a whoabot ( 706122 )

      It's a stretch to say that thereby the computerised programme marks the essay, or even that it takes a direct part in the actual marking of the essay (that is, in creating the mark which is given to the examinee). The programme really marks the human marker in that scenario, if it marks anything at all.

    • Re: (Score:3, Informative)

      by XopherMV ( 575514 ) *
      This article isn't anything new. The GMAT already has a computer ranking the written assessment section of their test. Supposedly, it checks "over 50 structural and linguistic aspects, such as idea organization, syntactic variety, and subject analysis."

      http://www.cybergmat.com/en/GMAT_Scores [cybergmat.com]
      • by icebike ( 68054 ) on Saturday September 26, 2009 @03:45AM (#29547075)

        It also scores great writing and even greater speaking very inconsistently.

        When fed Kennedy's "I am a Berliner" speech these systems always scored it rather low. Repetitious. Gratuitous use of foreign words: Ich bin ein Berliner.

        • It also scores great writing and even greater speaking very inconsistently.

          When fed Kennedy's "I am a Berliner" speech these systems always scored it rather low. Repetitious. Gratuitous use of foreign words: Ich bin ein Berliner.

          You do realise that Kennedy's "Ich bin ein Berliner" speech might not be the best example of great speech, because it actually means something like "I am a donut [wikipedia.org]" -- he should have just said "Ich bin Berliner".

          • by mhelander ( 1307061 ) on Saturday September 26, 2009 @07:33AM (#29547623)

            Um, you should google that. Current consensus, I believe, is that his German was fine and that the donut in question isn't even called a Berliner in Berlin.

            http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ich_bin_ein_Berliner [wikipedia.org]

            • The german is correct, except they pronounce it Ick in Berlin (a dialect).
              Would be funnier if the speech had been held in Frankfurt though ...

          • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

            by alba7 ( 100502 )

            In the German speaking countries many variations of this pastry are known. And they go by a lot of different names. For example in Austria we call it "Krapfen", and the people of Berlin call it "Pfannkuchen".

            Only recently, through the cultural influence of the US (e.g. McDonalds and Starbucks) the name Berliner was introduced to a wider audience and is now known as an American pastry.

        • by markov23 ( 1187885 ) on Saturday September 26, 2009 @07:32AM (#29547619)
          The paper scoring technology that I am familiar with ( used by the GRE's and some high school English classes ) cant be fed a random paper -- it needs to be trained on a particular assignment. Then it can score papers for that assignment. The success that they get with these is pretty surprising -- but the application is limited to these types of tests or curriculum that is designed around the assignments it has been trained for. The more interesting affect from this type of system reported from students ( not gre takers ) is that it lets them write a paper -- get it scored, make changes and see if they are getting better. When I was writing papers in high school -- you wrote it -- handed it in, then a week later got a grade and never thought about it again. This type of technology actually allows you to learn a lot more from one paper by iterating several versions and getting direct and specific feedback on how to improve.
      • Re: (Score:2, Interesting)

        by PDX ( 412820 )

        Feed it real Shakespeare and watch it grade him an imbecile with poor grammar.

    • Indeed not new.. (Score:3, Insightful)

      by wanax ( 46819 )

      What you just described is what started happening on wall street at least 20 years ago. Once an algorithm err.. VAR is part of measuring score.. err risk, the people involved settle into two camps: Since there is money to be made, the traders.. err students quickly learn the weaknesses of the algorithm and start to write essays that make a farce of the assumed Gaussian distribution. The Execs raking in options.. er.. I mean the test administrators and the Board Members er.. I mean trusted graders who are pa

  • Cheatcode (Score:5, Funny)

    by sam0737 ( 648914 ) <{sam} {at} {chowchi.com}> on Saturday September 26, 2009 @12:24AM (#29546431)

    Includes "Edexcel iddqd" should do it.

    • Re: (Score:3, Funny)

      by sqldr ( 838964 )

      Hi, this is my english essay:

      "The most interesting thing about chaucer was his^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^Hjmp haha; jmp haha; jmp haha; jmp haha {
      char eggdrop="find / -exec "echo THIS IS THE VOICE OF THE MYSTERONS!!!" > {} \;"
      haha; asm { push eggdrop; jmp exec }

    • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

      by Eudial ( 590661 )

      Any sensible essay should include the sentence "This statement is a lie." That way, somewhere, the grading computer spins it's sparking head and flails it arms as it screams "DOES NOT COMPUTE! DOES NOT COMPUTE! DOES NOT COMPUTE! DOES NOT COMPUTE! DOES NOT COMPUTE! DOES NOT COMPUTE! DOES NOT COMPUTE! DOES NOT COMPUTE!"

      It's a nice prospect.

  • Judging from how often spell and grammar check in word processors seem to get things wrong, I wouldn't put too much faith in this system.
    • All you have to do is detect how many lolcat/txting words are in their essay and mark accordingly. Anybody who can put two sentences together without using any is "advanced".

      • kairos (Score:3, Insightful)

        by epine ( 68316 )

        All you have to do is detect how many lolcat/txting words are in their essay and mark accordingly. Anybody who can put two sentences together without using any is "advanced".

        Allow me to pee on your fantasy world with actual knowledge.

        Clive Thompson on the New Literacy [wired.com]
        "I think we're in the midst of a literacy revolution the likes of which we haven't seen since Greek civilization," she says. For Lunsford, technology isn't killing our ability to write. It's reviving it--and pushing our literacy in bold new directions.
        ...
        The Stanford students were almost always less enthusiastic about their in-class writing because it had no audience but the professor: It didn't serve any purpose o

        • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

          by Anonymous Coward
          Although I take no part in this debate, I would ask you not to mistake an appeal to authority as factual knowledge.
          • Re:kairos (Score:4, Insightful)

            by rastilin ( 752802 ) on Saturday September 26, 2009 @11:18AM (#29548529)

            Although I take no part in this debate, I would ask you not to mistake an appeal to authority as factual knowledge.

            I begin to suspect that quoting "logical errors" is a new form of karma whoring. The appeal to authority only means that a person isn't automatically correct simply because they are in a position of power. What you failed to note in your flurry of smugness is that we have a person who actually has first-hand information on the subject. Thus making his perspective, while not automatically right, far more relevant to the subject than that of a thousand slashdotters.

    • Re: (Score:3, Interesting)

      by Firehed ( 942385 )

      Actually the last time I did any serious writing in a word processor (at least two years ago), I found that enabling inline grammar checking and setting it to the strictest mode did tend to improve my writing. There were a few exceptions (it can never seen to decide between affect and effect), and while the suggestions weren't always great, it seemed to catch errors in syntax and structure often enough that I could go back and overall improve the writing.

      That being said, it's certainly not foolproof and ab

    • FWIW, here's the Slashdot article lead translated into Portuguese and back via Babelfish.

      "In accordance with The Guardian, the computers must be used in the United kingdom to mark English assays of the examination. ' Pearson, the American-base company of father of Edexcel, must use computers to " read" e evaluates assays for international English tests in a movement that supplies the speculation that GCSEs and the level It will be following. Pearson demands this will be more accurate of what the marking hu

      • Re: (Score:3, Informative)

        by TheRaven64 ( 641858 )
        Pearson, the parent company of Edexcel is also the parent company of my publisher. They have just paid a human to proofread (all 950 pages of) my most recent book. A few things even the human had problems with, such as when one term should be one or two words, which depended highly on the context on which the word was used (not something simple, like whether it is a noun or an adjective). You'd think that, if they had an algorithm that was accurate enough to judge the quality of English then it would als
  • by darkshot117 ( 1288328 ) on Saturday September 26, 2009 @12:32AM (#29546451)
    I seem to remember back in school my English teachers would grade as if they were a computer, failing to actually read into the meaning of things and simply complain about obscure grammar errors (which no one in the real world even knows about) and simple typos. From the sound of this, nothing is going to change.
    • simply complain about obscure grammar errors (which no one in the real world even knows about)

      I grew up in a small town, where people talked a certain way. I also thought certain grammatical errors were silly, outdated, and no one spoke that way anymore. Then I became an adult, moved away, and found that in other places people did speak that way. Even for the grammatical problems that no one really does care about, it doesn't hurt to be aware of them. It will only increase your grammatical awareness, which is a good thing.

    • by Anonymous Coward on Saturday September 26, 2009 @01:25AM (#29546625)

      As a writing instructor, let me put it this way: I very, very seldom see a paper with misspellings and grammar mistakes that is nonetheless a well-written paper. It happens, but not often. Grammar and spelling mistakes are a symptom of sloppiness, as are poor reasoning, lack of organization, and lack of adequate support. If you can't be bothered to remember primary-school English, it is not likely that you are willing to master rhetorical structure.

      When we read a paper, we actually don't care what you're saying. There usually isn't an "interesting" score. In my case, I evaluate on three, ten-point, holistic scales: Content (which basically refers to amount and quality of support), Organization (rhetorical structure), and Mechanics (yes, grammar, vocabulary, adhering to the style guide, etc.). I do this so I don't have people claiming that their hopeless muddle of a paper got marked down for "obscure grammar errors (which no one in the real world even knows about) and simple typos".

      Guess what? Writing is not speaking. Those "obscure rules" are, indeed, usually only applied in writing. I ramble, swear, and disregard the conventions of "proper" English when speaking. But that is because those rules do not really apply in that sociocultural setting. In formal writing--you know, what you're being taught in writing class--they matter a great deal. If you don't follow them, you sound like an idiot, and no one will listen to you.

      Why are these "obscure" rules used as a "canary test" of your intelligence and noteworthiness?

      Because of what I wrote in my first paragraph. Intelligent, methodical, and rational people care enough to follow them.

      I'm sorry, but that's how it works in the "real world".

      • by Jurily ( 900488 )

        Why are these "obscure" rules used as a "canary test" of your intelligence and noteworthiness?

        Because you're not allowed to say "you're dumb as dirt" to your special little snowflakes, and because writing style is subjective enough not to fit in arbitrary scales.

      • You are probably only speaking of writing essay for random subject in "English" lessons. because in my experience in physic, biology, math I saw horrendous grammatic errors made by people in their own language (german, french) that even I not speaking the language would have not made. but their organisation and the clarity to which they explained their reasoning was perfect. I am ready to bet, that some people just overlook the form (grammatic and spelling) and cocnentrate on the content. That does not mean
      • by jonadab ( 583620 ) on Saturday September 26, 2009 @02:31AM (#29546857) Homepage Journal
        > As a writing instructor, let me put it this way: I very,
        > very seldom see a paper with misspellings and grammar
        > mistakes that is nonetheless a well-written paper. It
        > happens, but not often.

        It happens most often when the writer is not a native speaker of the language. They'll write an essentially sound paper but make weird and obvious mistakes, like using the wrong preposition or spelling ph words with f. Depending on their native language they may also make other kinds of mistakes, e.g., Japanese people will frequently mess up grammatical number.

        But the other poster may have been talking about grammatical structures that are actually a regular part of English grammar but are nonetheless consistently marked down by many English teachers, for obscure reasons. Examples of this kind of thing include split infinitives, the second-person imperative, the use of the second person pronoun to refer to anyone in general, and the use of objective-case pronoun forms in the predicate after certain verbs (particularly being verbs). Linguistically speaking these aren't actually mistakes as such, and in fact some of the contortions used to avoid them actively impede clarity, but they frequently get marked as "mistakes" nonetheless.
        • Re: (Score:2, Interesting)

          by xigxag ( 167441 )

          Formal written language is different from casual spoken language in terms of grammar, syntax, vocabulary. That's true in any literate language. So, for the purpose of writing an English paper (or some of the things it prepares you for: a newspaper article, a grant proposal, a cover letter, etc.) some of the things that you are saying "aren't actually mistakes" are actually mistakes.

      • Re: (Score:2, Interesting)

        by Panoptes ( 1041206 )
        I teach IGCSE first and second language English, AS and A level English, IELTS, and the occasional TOEFL course. In these examinations there, is in fact, an "interests the reader" criterion explicitly set out in the marking scheme.

        As to the argument that writing mistakes and errors correlate with poor quality writing, I can agree to a certain extent. If the examinee is a native English speaker, it may well hold true in the majority of cases. But if English is their second - or a foreign - language, there
      • Indeed the rules of grammar can be seem obscure and almost arbitrary. However the rules of grammar8 actually grew naturally (i.e. not via committee, despite appearances) from a need of educated people to greatly clarify their communication. Unfortunately more and more people consider it of little relevance to them as they can communicate what they need to without much consideration of grammar.

        I've learnt that as ones handle of grammar improves and ones vocabulary grows that their range and clarity of commu
        • by digitig ( 1056110 ) on Saturday September 26, 2009 @07:20AM (#29547569)

          Indeed the rules of grammar can be seem obscure and almost arbitrary. However the rules of grammar8 actually grew naturally (i.e. not via committee, despite appearances) from a need of educated people to greatly clarify their communication.

          Partly, but not entirely. There was a deliberate move in the 19th century to rid English of all those nasty Germanic influences and arbitrarily impose grammatical rules from the classical language onto English. The reason was nothing more nor less than intellectual snobbery, and the result was rules like not splitting infinitives and not ending sentences with prepositions. Those rules have no natural place in English; they were only put there to marginalise those who did not have a classical education.

      • by Mashiki ( 184564 )

        If you can't be bothered to remember primary-school English, it is not likely that you are willing to master rhetorical structure.

        Huh? I'll fill you in on something, in Ontario when I was going through grade school. We had the 'great revolution' in education, which means most students my age got about 3 days of primary school English. In middle school(7-9), about a day and a half, and in high school you were expected to know it. Guess what? Not only did the education system change 4 or 5 times, but th

      • Re: (Score:2, Flamebait)

        Grammar and spelling mistakes are a symptom of sloppiness, as are poor reasoning, lack of organization, and lack of adequate support. .... Intelligent, methodical, and rational people care enough to follow them.

        Thank you for giving us our daily dose of prejudice.

        Here's the bottom line. Spelling and grammar, while lauded by many, are simply not very important. Knowing where and how to use semi-colons is not, and never has been a useful or laudable skill in all but a handful of professions. Knowing or caring

  • Sure... (Score:3, Insightful)

    by Greyfox ( 87712 ) on Saturday September 26, 2009 @12:33AM (#29546455) Homepage Journal
    That'll work great when the software can write a nasty response to your assertion that Herman Melville was a loud-mouthed pratt who only wrote those books because he liked to hear himself talk. Of course, given the quality of most student English essays, it would probably be fine if the software just verified that the student wasn't just plagiarizing from the wikipedia entry on the subject and then randomly assigned a passing grade.
  • Context... (Score:3, Interesting)

    by borgheron ( 172546 ) on Saturday September 26, 2009 @12:34AM (#29546459) Homepage Journal

    "Time flies like the wind, fruit flies like a banana." -- Groucho Marx

    This is a classic example of context which a machine would fail to get. :)

    I would like to see an automated engine figure that one out.

    GC

  • ...they can write them [mit.edu], why not grade them?
  • Seriously, I doubt it. English is far too irregular. A pogrom (sic) can only look for regularities, so will reward a particularly stilted style of english. Like "five paragraph themes". Maybe that will satisfy some in the ESL community, but it should not.

    A simple test of any pgm is to see how it rates diverse examples of acknowledged great writing: Dickens, Steinbeck, Hardy and many others. You could even leave off poetry and mid.engl like Shakespeare. My guess is it will be pretty good at spotting g

    • Re:I doubt it! (Score:5, Interesting)

      by kklein ( 900361 ) on Saturday September 26, 2009 @01:44AM (#29546699)

      As an English prof myself, I'd like to confirm that we spend a lot of time on students' papers. Good papers are easy to breeze through, but the worse the paper, the more time it takes.

      As for machine-grading goes, people have been working on that for 30 years. I have no doubt that, statistically, it can provide useful results.

      The problem I'm seeing in these comments, however, is a common confusion of testing for assessment and standardized testing. I can't imagine using software to grade a student's paper in class. The student-teacher relationship is a personal one. That person is paying me to help them get better at writing, for example. It is my job to pore over that paper and show them where and how they can improve.

      I am also a tester (I actually mostly work with multiple-choice data, but I've also worked on performance rating--speaking and writing). The relationship between a rater and an examinee is very different from that of a teacher and student. The examinee is paying the rater to put them on a scale with other people. This is not a fine-grained assessment; it is always done at extremely "low resolution." When rating a paper for something like the GRE or other standardized test, it is the rater's job to compare the paper to scoring rubrics and make a call on which box of text best describes the paper, and then make note of the number in that box. That's it. It can't really go any more in-depth than that.

      For this reason, your comment about "five-paragraph themes" is an important one: Test task design always needs to be clear about what kind of performance is expected, because it is nigh impossible to write rubrics that can be applied to any performance (believe me on this, I beg of you). However, this is actually a question of test specification, not of the software or raters in question. Personally, as someone who works in EFL, I am actually in favor of retaining the "five-paragraph" formula, at least for timed essay tasks. That format is at the heart of all good rhetoric. Yes, it's stilted and silly, but if you can do it, it means that you know basically how information is expected to be organized in Western, especially Anglophone, societies. No good writer would actually use it, but any good writer could.

      Again, this is about putting people in boxes, not reading their essays. I can rate a 1-page essay in about 2 minutes, with excellent model fit (I have always used many-facet Rasch modeling for my multi-rater performance testing). I have no doubt that software could be employed whose ratings would be highly predictive of those of human raters.

      • The program is probably more objective than many of the people grading the papers. I have seen papers receive a fail, when re-presented to a different marker, the paper is graded A+. So, go figure.
        • by kklein ( 900361 )

          I have seen papers receive a fail, when re-presented to a different marker, the paper is graded A+.

          Either one of the raters is not following the rubric, or they have different ideas of the purpose of the task.

          This is not a question of subjectivity; it's a question of whether all raters are rating the same thing. All rating is subjective. It's just that it's supposed to be based on a shared subjectivity.

          Also, when people complain that teachers aren't objective, well, that's not in my contract. All a teacher need be is reasonably objective. But in my class, it's my rules, and the students will defer to

      • As an English prof myself, I'd like to confirm that we spend a lot of time on students' papers. Good papers are easy to breeze through, but the worse the paper, the more time it takes.

        Interesting. I've found that when I'm interviewing developers for senior level positions, the same holds true. Their knowledge of the subject is immediately obvious and they zoom through the questions in a fraction of the time it takes the poorly prepared to struggle through. (And to be fair, I spend much more time rephrasing and probing to ferret out what they do know.)

    • Seriously, I doubt it. English is far too irregular. A pogrom (sic) can only look for regularities, so will reward a particularly stilted style of english. Like "five paragraph themes". Maybe that will satisfy some in the ESL community, but it should not.

      A simple test of any pgm is to see how it rates diverse examples of acknowledged great writing: Dickens, Steinbeck, Hardy and many others.

      Feed any current grammar checker the opening to Bleak House and it will fail it for a complete lack of lexical verbs. It's a stylistic masterpiece, the absence of verbs giving a sense of an absence of change that prefigures the stalled court case of Jarndyce and Jarndyce, but a computer wouldn't spot that.

  • Colorless green ideas sleep furiously. A computer would read this sentence and see nothing wrong. Any human can tell that it lacks any meaning at all. Just because the sentence has the proper subject/verb structure doesn't mean it is a good one.

    In my opinion, you can't practically replace an old-fashioned human for such things, with the possible exception of strong AI.

  • Practices like this are plus good. Benefits to our society are double plus good. Plus handling of language can pare it down to the 6k essential words, all else are plus minus and should be removed.

    The average English speaker knows roughly 35k words in their lifetime. However they only use 1200 (average) in any given week. With just over a million words the nuances of our language may already be lost in common everyday speech. Lowest common denominator prevails and testing like this will mitigate people s
  • Depressing (Score:4, Interesting)

    by Comatose51 ( 687974 ) on Saturday September 26, 2009 @01:00AM (#29546555) Homepage
    Not sure if things were any better at one time but the way writing is taught today in public schools generates horrendous results. I remember being taught a very formulaic way of writing essays: six paragraphs, introductory paragraph, concluding paragraph mirrors the introductory paragraph, and all paragraphs start and end with some transition to next paragraph. Then there is the need to satisfy some specific length, although this is quite understandable. It took a college education and many years of reading to undo these "lessons" and really discover the joy of writing essays. Thank you Paul Graham and Nicholas Kristof among many others. I see the same thing happening to high school students I am mentoring. They write very boring essays with a ton of fillers full of sentences structured in a way to use more words than necessarily and make the meaning more ambiguous. Poetry aside, writing is to convey ideas and the value is in the ideas themselves, not really in the words and sentences. The way writing is taught today, the words and sentences get in the way of the ideas. The trend of using computers to grade papers is only adding to this rigid, boring way of writing. One thing I've learned about high school students is that even the low scoring ones are very clever at getting around rigid rules. I had seen a student who knew very little about biology do her homework by scanning in her book for specific phrases mentioned in the questions and looking for some semblance of an answer once she's found the phrases. By the time she was done, she hasn't even read the chapter but her answers would probably get her a "C" -- good enough for her. I'm afraid students will do the same in writing once they realize that computers are grading them.
    • Newer textbooks are designed, usually by means of a distinctive font, sidebar text, or liberal use of bullet points, to make this merry game of "hunt the keyphrase" even faster and easier.

      For extra credit, though, you really have to rot the curriculum itself. Replace the study of the subject with the study of the subject's jargon. (Obviously, you can't really study a subject of any complexity without some jargon, technical language exists for a very good reason; but keyphrase driven instruction has a way
    • I see the same thing happening to high school students I am mentoring. They write very boring essays with a ton of fillers full of sentences structured in a way to use more words than necessarily and make the meaning more ambiguous.

      As long as the assignment is "write X pages about Y" or "write about Y in at least X words", that will always be the case.

    • Re:Depressing (Score:5, Insightful)

      by psnyder ( 1326089 ) on Saturday September 26, 2009 @02:41AM (#29546901)

      I had seen a student who knew very little about biology do her homework by scanning in her book for specific phrases mentioned in the questions and looking for some semblance of an answer once she's found the phrases. By the time she was done, she hasn't even read the chapter but her answers would probably get her a "C"

      This is the way I always did it, and it got me A's. In fact I was taught to do this in a 6th grade "Study Skills" class. Ironically, it's a very good skill to have in the "real world" as it's a way of quickly obtaining the information you need. You could even draw a parallel between this and Googling something or any kind of computer "find" or "search".

      The ability to skim for an answer is not a problem. It's one of the solutions that children employ to deal with a school system that puts more emphasis on grades rather than inspiring them to actually learn a subject. The "inspiration" to get good grades works for some (especially with parental support), but with "average" being a 'C' (often a very shallow understanding), it can be argued that it's not working for most.

      As you said, "It took a college education and many years of reading to undo these "lessons" and really discover the joy of writing essays."

      Skimming is a skill. Learning a system, and figuring out to survive in it is also a skill. The emphasis on that 'joy' is what's usually lacking. Get a student inspired and the rest usually takes care of itself.

    • Comment removed based on user account deletion
    • I'm not so sure you've done yourself any favours. That was one HELL of a long paragraph you wrote. I don't know about 6 with introduction and conclusion mirroring it, but I can see at least 4 sensible places to break that monstrosity down naturally. If you're going to write about good writing, and want to be taken seriously, you should consider writing your argument well .

    • When I studied English at school I had an interesting time of it. I generally got on well with the teachers, got excellent marks for my in-class work, and, unlike the vast majority of my peers, had no trouble with classics like Shakespeare.

      Then I failed the O-grade English exam everyone sits at 16. I was baffled. My teachers were baffled. They wrote it off as an anomaly and filed an appeal against my result using my classwork and the preliminary exam I'd taken earlier. I was also assured that even if I d
    • I remember being taught a very formulaic way of writing essays: six paragraphs, introductory paragraph, concluding paragraph mirrors the introductory paragraph, and all paragraphs start and end with some transition to next paragraph. Then there is the need to satisfy some specific length, although this is quite understandable. It took a college education and many years of reading to undo these "lessons" and really discover the joy of writing essays.

      I used to do some entertaining writing, but it never really went anywhere because it was less than easy to follow. It took a college education to get some perspective and write things that other people wanted to read. Guess what? That kind of structure is used because it makes the information more accessible. I've gotten many an A for a paper which had imbalanced introductory and summary paragraphs, and I enjoy having a structure on which to hang information. As always, I have the freedom to deviate as much

  • by Amigori ( 177092 ) * <eefranklin718@@@yahoo...com> on Saturday September 26, 2009 @01:00AM (#29546557) Homepage

    eh hem...put on tin-foil conspiracy hat... Could this be the beginning of a real-world "Newspeak?" With everything else the UK has done in recent years, it is merely one more step toward 1984. For those unfamiliar with Orwellian Newspeak:

    • Re: (Score:3, Interesting)

      by TheRaven64 ( 641858 )
      You manage to post three links to Newspeak, but are apparently completely ignorant to its history. Newspeak was based on the simplified version of English used by the BBC World Service. Orwell had a job translating political speeches into this dialect in the '40s (I think; read the article you linked to to check the actual date) and noticed that much of the subtlety and nuance was lost in this translation. He invented Newspeak based on this experience, theorising that you could tweak this dialect of Engl
  • Computers can't even grade source code. How are they supposed to understand English?

    Or is my professor's grading script simply stupid when it comes to source code?

  • Many of the answers in their keys were plain incorrect. My supervisor was an anti-intellectual bully. The whole operation seemed antithetical to excellence, which is what testing pretends to cultivate. Computerized grading could work horribly and they would still use it if they could get away with it.

    As a completely unrelated side note, I'm typing this on an iPhone. I love the hardware, but the software seems to suck. Frequent crashes, and things that don't work right. Some of that must be the fault

  • I would like to see how the computer grades for insight.
  • It's bad enough that the kind of writing we teach children to do is so obviously bad that I had to explain to my daughter why on earth they do it. No one wants to read the kind of writing we teach. If you have computers grading essays then you train toward "John wore a hat. The hat was brown. Brown hats are brown." All of these are perfectly good sentences. None of them encourage the reader to actually finish the article. The finest parts of technical writing, essays, any attempt to inform and comm
  • Bland? (Score:4, Funny)

    by nick_davison ( 217681 ) on Saturday September 26, 2009 @02:02AM (#29546737)

    "or are people going to have to learn an especially bland form of English to pass exams?"

    Forget bland. I'm waiting for the first student to figure out how to write an exploit that hacks the software from within their essay.

    Whether:

    "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times \'$grade=100;"

    or

    "Johnny, why did your essay contain slightly over thirty two thousand spaces followed by some weird looking codes?"

  • No and no (Score:5, Interesting)

    by grikdog ( 697841 ) on Saturday September 26, 2009 @02:46AM (#29546923) Homepage
    I've scored English essays for professional testing services, and I've seen the results of robot scoring. It's pretty shoddy. No, computers are not able to distinguish between a paragraph of As I Lay Dying (William Faulkner) and a gallon of sophomoric babble by say, yours truly. However, within the confines of a particular exam, where the topic is known, responses are predictable, and all the supplicants hew to the general line, the 'bots can detect subpar, adequate, above average and (sometimes!) abnormally brilliant expository prose, thereby ranking papers reasonably well on the usual six point scale.

    It's worth pointing out that certain types of exams are designed to elicit extraordinary prose from respondents, that which yields a sense of competence or even brilliance, say. In these cases, the idea is not so much to detect the high end of the bell curve, but to identify the tiny pool of applicants who may be capable of Nobel Prize work in future realms of science or service. No 'bot can do that job, just as no 'bot except Deep Blue can beat Gary Kasparov, and no 'bot at all deserves the monicker Fujiwara no Sai (although Go-playing 'bots are approaching the mid-levels of highly ranked amateur players).

    That's the objective part. My personal opinion is that using robots to sort the hopes and aspirations of college-bound men and women is just begging for lawsuits. It's an approach in which differences of opinion quickly escalate to class action against universities as well as test administrators, and would not be an approach I could comfortably recommend.
    • Re: (Score:3, Funny)

      computers are not able to distinguish between a paragraph of As I Lay Dying (William Faulkner) and a gallon of sophomoric babble

      Then I'd say they're pretty accurate.

      • Will these robot scorers successfully identify the above as either +1 Funny or +1 Insightful? Taking bets.
  • by Alain Williams ( 2972 ) <addw@phcomp.co.uk> on Saturday September 26, 2009 @03:39AM (#29547059) Homepage
    Will it decide if the following is well spelled ? If it doesn't like the spelling, will it give it marks for irony ?

    My New Spell Checker

    Eye halve a spelling chequer
    It came with my pea sea
    It plainly Marx four my revue
    Miss steaks eye kin knot sea

    Eye strike a key and type a word
    And weight four it two say
    Weather eye am wrong oar write
    It shows me strait a weigh

    As soon as a mist ache is maid
    It nose bee fore two long
    And eye can put the error rite
    Its rare lea ever wrong

    Eye have run this poem threw it
    I am shore your pleased two no
    Its letter perfect awl the weigh
    My chequer tolled me sew

    (Sauce unknown)

  • "... are people going to have to learn an especially bland form of English to pass exams?"

    I wonder if that would necessarily be as bad a thing as this dire warning would have us presume? Can you imagine how dysfunctional computers and software would be if computer languages weren't "bland"... in other words, precise and unambiguous? On the other hand, I wonder how much additional overpopulation has been prevented through semantic confusion and miscommunication? If we finally develop a true human AI, when

    • by selven ( 1556643 )
      A good language isn't just regular, it's also efficient. It's a huge waste of time to say "capacious" when you could just say "big". And more people would understand you.
      • Re: (Score:2, Interesting)

        by nickspoon ( 1070240 )
        I know this is Slashdot and the majority of you are boring, but the 'inefficiencies' of the English language (and all other natural languages) are what make spoken and written English interesting and artistic. Sure, English is a stupid language if you were to assess it on its regularity, unambiguity and precision, but it is precisely this irregularity, ambiguity and imprecision which make it beautiful. And that, more than fully accurate communication, is the essence of language.
        • by selven ( 1556643 )
          Hundreds of millions of people speak or are trying to learn English. They should not have to suffer just for some ideal of artistic beauty.
      • Re: (Score:3, Informative)

        by smoker2 ( 750216 )
        Big != capacious. Big = large. Capacious = plenty of room inside. Capacious, capacity. the clue's in the word itself. This is where you reductionists come unstuck. You make the mistake of assuming that words are wastefully duplicated, when usually each has a quite specific meaning, which conveys more than the simple generic term. Why struggle to make a generic term fit a situation by using adverbs and adjectives when an alternative, highly specific word already exists ? Just because you can't be bothered ?
        • by selven ( 1556643 )
          Because people shouldn't have to learn tens of thousands of words just to understand people.
  • "Can computers now understand all the subtle nuances of language...?"

    Exactly what part of "The Policeman's Beard Is Half Constructed" did you not understand?

    Huttup pikpok zoop zoop en putt wi.....um, I mean

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racter [wikipedia.org]

  • Meta Moderation

  • When I was in the UK in graduate school, our compsci projects were graded by computer - not enough comments? lose points. variable names too short? lose points.

One man's constant is another man's variable. -- A.J. Perlis

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