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Germany Scorned Air Conditioning -- Then Came the Heat Wave 575

Germans have always looked down on America's fondness for artificially chilled air as wasteful, unnatural and wimpy. Rather than install climate control in buildings and subways, schools and offices will simply close if it gets too hot. Now, the increasing frequency of triple-digit highs have forced a national reckoning. From a report: Germany's Trade Association for Air Conditioning said that last summer, the second-warmest on record since 1881, yielded a 15% jump in sales to 200,000 units. That figure is expected to climb this summer, as more Germans rebel against the nation')s obsession with energy conservation. High temperatures are known to make people act out of character. Police in the German state of Brandenburg stopped a man riding naked on a motorcycle. He said it was too hot for clothes.

German authorities have even imposed speed limits on stretches of the Autobahn, fearing it could buckle like heated wax. Old-fashioned oscillating fans have always been the preferred way for Germans to keep homes and offices cool. Property leases for apartments implore tenants to open their windows several times a day to help regulate temperature. A video from the German news magazine Focus, keeping to tradition, suggested a cooling method using "a fan, a towel, and a bowl of water." Retailers fear a fan and air conditioner shortage this summer. Annabell Feith, a spokeswoman for the retail group that owns two of Germany's largest electronics stores, MediaMarkt and Saturn, said the chains were bolstering their orders. Last year, some stores sold out by August. "We are advising customers, if they want to buy a fan, to be very quick, because we expect more heat," she said, "and we are almost sold out, especially in Berlin."
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Germany Scorned Air Conditioning -- Then Came the Heat Wave

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  • It didn't make sense (Score:5, Interesting)

    by AmiMoJo ( 196126 ) on Thursday July 04, 2019 @10:09AM (#58872506) Homepage Journal

    It didn't make sense to have air con in Germany. Most of the time it's cold and wet, these heat waves are a relatively new thing and are very short. Most of the time fans and windows are enough for cooling, and it's only a few days a year when air-con would really be of much value.

    Air conditioning isn't generally all that popular in most of Europe anyway. The hotter countries have buildings that have better natural cooling and adjusted their lifestyles to handle the mid-day heat.

    • by Zorpheus ( 857617 ) on Thursday July 04, 2019 @10:27AM (#58872586)
      I don't know, in Spain everything but the cheapest places seems to have aircon
    • by drinkypoo ( 153816 ) <drink@hyperlogos.org> on Thursday July 04, 2019 @10:27AM (#58872588) Homepage Journal

      It didn't make sense to have air con in Germany. Most of the time it's cold and wet,

      ...so they're using heating. But heat pumps are more efficient than resistive electric heaters, so they must either be using fuel oil, or just wasting a lot of power on resistive heaters. Heat pumps work in both directions, so if they installed 'em for heating, they'd have them for cooling.

      • Re: (Score:2, Informative)

        by Anonymous Coward

        In germany pellet fuel (made from wood) is quite popular. Also there's natural gas for heating. So "fuel oil" isn't needed for everything.

        Additionally heat pumps work most efficient only in certain ranges of external temperature...

      • by hackertourist ( 2202674 ) on Thursday July 04, 2019 @12:12PM (#58873164)

        Heat pumps have only appeared relatively recently, and heat pump installations are much more expensive than gas-powered central heating, so they aren't popular yet.

        In the Netherlands, the recent pressure to reduce reliance on natural gas has opened up the market for heat pumps, but you can see it's not a mature market, with installers having no experience and lots of fuckups.

    • by Solandri ( 704621 ) on Thursday July 04, 2019 @10:28AM (#58872590)
      Most of Europe sits at the same latitude as Canada [cloudfront.net]. The "balmy" southern regions of Spain, Italy, etc. are at about the same latitude as San Francisco. Also, in these mid-latitudes (west to east winds) it's the regions on the east coasts which typically have higher humidity during summer. That's why California and Portugal are nice, while DC and Korea/Japan are stifling. Europe doesn't have an eastern continental coast.

      Note that this argument goes both ways - Americans scoffing at Europeans for eschewing air conditioning, and European scoffing at Americans for being reliant on AC, are both wrong. FWIW, when I was house-shopping in Washington state, very few of the homes there had air conditioning too.
      • by Kohath ( 38547 )

        Note that this argument goes both ways - Americans scoffing at Europeans for eschewing air conditioning, and European scoffing at Americans for being reliant on AC, are both wrong.

        It's almost like the right answer is to understand that maybe the locals know more than you about the place they live.

        What if we all decided that people in other places (or even neighbors nearby) are welcome to have their own customs and traditions? Even Americans and Germans. And instead of being negative and looking down on them for it, we decided it's not our business what others choose?

        That would be wise. It's not for zealots though.

    • Don't worry, things are changing, so it's only going to get worse.
      As to trying to use passive cooling, not only does that have a limit in effectiveness, but do you really expect them to tear down all their buildings just to build new ones to accommodate the hotter climate they are in the process of obtaining?
    • by umghhh ( 965931 )

      That is actually not technically correct. I do not mean frequency of heatwaves of which I have no clue. What I mean is this - the regulation in Germany when it comes to energy consumption of a house is so harsh that the ever more thick layers of Styrofoam are needed and the houses need quite good ventilation systems not to have massive problems with dump. This means most of newly built houses have to have air conditioning. This is especially true if the progressive Germans install heat exchange heating in

      • Comment removed based on user account deletion
      • by DeBaas ( 470886 )

        The styrofoam is not the actual problem. In fact if you do it right it can help keep the house cool as it can also keep the heat out. The lack of ventilation is the problem. If you ventilate at night (when it's cooler), especially if the house is made of masonry or concrete, it helps to keep the house cool during the day.

    • by yet another SanTiago ( 257263 ) on Thursday July 04, 2019 @12:07PM (#58873144)

      As living in neighboring Czechia, insufferable hot weather is here about 4 months a year, for many years as far as remember. Windows does not help, on the contrary, they have to be closed during day so hot air does not get in, and shaded to avoid radiative heating of interior. While thermal mass helps to avoid daily spikes and get interior temperature ~5 degC below exterior midday-afternoon temperatures, it is still too hot to live comfortably (unless one lives in an old house or a ground floor flat).

    • by Oceanplexian ( 807998 ) on Thursday July 04, 2019 @12:18PM (#58873194) Homepage
      Air conditioning doesn't just lower the temperature, it also removes humidity from the air, which makes the environment less sticky and uncomfortable. Even if I only needed it 5 days a year I'll gladly fork over a $150 for a window A/C. My time and personal comfort is more valuable than that.
    • Re: (Score:2, Interesting)

      There has been maybe a week here in Oslo, Norway where we could walk around without jackets comfortably so far this year. There was one day where it was really warm during the day.

      When the heat comes... maybe next month, the people will enjoy the air conditioning at work or in the malls. We can't even legally install an air conditioner in our townhouse and we don't have the right windows for window units.

      I more or less lost interest in the article when they were talking about triple digit heat in Germany. I
  • by Anonymous Coward on Thursday July 04, 2019 @10:12AM (#58872524)

    Put down the teacup, poofters, and wipe that silly, jagged smile off your faces

    Today is the day America celebrates the original Brexit -- kicking your asses to the curb

    243 glorious British-free years!

    • by hackertourist ( 2202674 ) on Thursday July 04, 2019 @10:56AM (#58872758)

      The British celebrate 4th of July too. It's known as Good Riddance Day.

    • by MrKaos ( 858439 )

      243 glorious British-free years!

      So why are you guys doing it to Afghanistan, Iraq and Somalia?

      Husein - dead
      Ghadafi - dead
      bin laden - dead

      How is your "glorious" freedom enhanced by occupying these countries the same way the British did to the US?

      • by MrKaos ( 858439 )

        Oh, I forgot to mention.

        I suspect the Native Americans who lived in America would have something to say about who is occupying *their* country.

        Let's not forget that American Independence was built on the complete subjugation and butchery of the native people, the original wise native Americans. Are they celebrating as well?

  • It's an ad to sell more units and fans, it starts every year after the 5th warm day.

    Just like the umbrella sellers come out of the ground in Rome after the 5th drop of rain.

    • "Just like the umbrella sellers come out of the ground in Rome after the 5th drop of rain."

      I just remembered, they also sell them for 5€, no shit!

  • "Triple-digit highs" (Score:2, Informative)

    by Anonymous Coward

    Yes, this is an American website and we use Fahrenheit. But it's talking about Germany! Could have used better language.

  • Police in the German state of Brandenburg stopped a man riding naked on a motorcycle. He said it was too hot for clothes.

    This is "out of character?" I don't think so.

    • Police in the German state of Brandenburg stopped a man riding naked on a motorcycle. He said it was too hot for clothes.

      As long as he was wearing a helmet, the police should just let him be. I thought Germans were less prudish. Don't they have nude public parks in Germany?

  • Huh? (Score:5, Interesting)

    by Freischutz ( 4776131 ) on Thursday July 04, 2019 @10:19AM (#58872564)

    Germans have always looked down on America's fondness for artificially chilled air as wasteful, unnatural and wimpy.

    Jeesh, could you lay it on even thicker with the victim complex? No Germans haven't 'always looked down on Americans'. This is one of those things like the 'Ibiza towel wars' or their supposed 'football feud' with Britain. Ask a German about this and they'll not know what you are talking about. They just don't see the need for air conditioning most of the time since their threshold for when they consider air conditioning necessary is a quite a bit higher than it is in the US.

    German authorities have even imposed speed limits on stretches of the Autobahn, fearing it could buckle like heated wax.

    This was and is universally ignored as it always has been by about a third of the drivers in Germany. If you are ever in Germany, just try observing the speed limit on the Autobahn, you will learn several interesting new ways to make your frustration with slow driving known to the guy in front of you without honking (you get hefty fines for excessive honking) and a whole library of new rude finger gestures. There is no better way to send a German driver into fit of shit-throwing-monkey like rage than observing the speed limit. I've been chastised at a traffic light in Germany by a driver who was deeply insulted by my insistence on driving 40 in a 50 km/h zone in total darkness with no street lights and after having almost run over a couple of cyclists dressed completely in black and sporting no lights or reflectors. At best they expect you to drive the maximum speed no matter what the road conditions, at worst they will shout at you at traffic lights for not ignoring the speed limit. They also seem to love tailgating at speeds exceeding 100 kph.

    • I met some Germans in new hire training during a heat wave in SoCal. Hottest I've ever been outdoors with a heat index of 115. Go out for five minutes, come in and your clothes feel like they've been in the dryer. Those Germans never once said anything about the AC being wimpy. They didn't even applaud it. They got out of the damn heat like everyone else.

    • Re: (Score:2, Funny)

      by SuperKendall ( 25149 )

      was deeply insulted by my insistence on driving 40 in a 50 km/h zone in total darkness with no street lights and after having almost run over a couple of cyclists dressed completely in black

      The reason he was mad is because if you can't handle driving 20km over the limit on a totally dark road with ninja cyclists, you probably shouldn't be allowed to drive a car to begin with.

      They also seem to love tailgating at speeds exceeding 100 kph.

      Hey if you are going to go slow enough to draft off of, expect to get d

    • The threshold for the typical German isn't higher as you don't typically get temperatures that compare with most of the US, let alone the humidity. While I've been traveling around Germany the past two weeks, it's been 35C consistently with 70-80% humidity. You guys get a week or two of that a year, we get 3 months. And I'm in the northern part of the US
      • The threshold for the typical German isn't higher as you don't typically get temperatures that compare with most of the US, let alone the humidity. While I've been traveling around Germany the past two weeks, it's been 35C consistently with 70-80% humidity. You guys get a week or two of that a year, we get 3 months. And I'm in the northern part of the US

        That still does not translate into Germans looking down on Americans over their use of air conditioning. I lived there for years and I have heard them poke fun at Americans over all kinds of things, just like Americans poke fun at Germans, but air conditioning never even came up.

    • They just don't see the need for air conditioning most of the time since their threshold for when they consider air conditioning necessary is a quite a bit higher than it is in the US.

      In most of the southern states, it's not so much that we can't tolerate the heat - it's that the humidity is brutally high. So, unless you like watching mold grow on your walls, you're cranking up that A/C.

      • They just don't see the need for air conditioning most of the time since their threshold for when they consider air conditioning necessary is a quite a bit higher than it is in the US.

        In most of the southern states, it's not so much that we can't tolerate the heat - it's that the humidity is brutally high. So, unless you like watching mold grow on your walls, you're cranking up that A/C.

        It can get very humid in certain parts of Germany too. My point was that German's don't despise Americans over airconditioning (which would be stupid) this is a difference of opinion at best.

  • by Kokuyo ( 549451 ) on Thursday July 04, 2019 @10:24AM (#58872578) Journal

    ...but for me looking down on wasteful US air conditioning sure was a fact.

    2014 I had a multi split air conditioning installed in our apartment. We're right below the roof. It's the best investment I've ever made.

    I mean we don't turn off heat just because we could survive without either.

    Although we do hear anecdotes about Americans cooling to 18 degrees C in Las Vegas. THAT would indeed be wasteful and quite stupid.

    • by Solandri ( 704621 ) on Thursday July 04, 2019 @10:47AM (#58872698)

      Although we do hear anecdotes about Americans cooling to 18 degrees C in Las Vegas. THAT would indeed be wasteful and quite stupid.

      The efficiency of air conditioning (and heating) improves the more you reduce the surface area to volume ratio. Surface area is what the heat passes through (whether it's escaping the building in cold weather, or invading the building in hot weather). So if you can reduce the ratio of surface area to the interior volume being heated/cooled, then you can heat or cool more without losing as much energy. So yeah, cooling a small house to 18 C in the desert is stupid. But cooling a huge casino/hotel to 18 C doesn't really waste as much energy as you'd think.

      As an extreme example, fusion in the sun actually generates very little heat - it's about as much heat per volume as a compost pile [wikipedia.org]. The sun just becomes ridiculously hot because it's got an enormous volume compared to its surface area. If you divide its volume by the surface area, each square meter of its surface is the exit point of the heat generated by more than 300 million tons of interior mass.

    • Although we do hear anecdotes about Americans cooling to 18 degrees C in Las Vegas. THAT would indeed be wasteful and quite stupid.

      The mere existence of Las Vegas is a monument to wastefulness. Neither Vegas nor Phoenix are cities that should exist at anything close to their current populations. There are just some places where you shouldn't build a major city if you don't absolutely have to. The middle of the Sonoran Desert is a terrific example of where not to build.

  • Property leases for apartments implore tenants to open their windows several times a day to help regulate temperature

    That's wrong. They contain clauses to open the windows to prevent the growth of mould. This is needed because many houses got fitted with thermal insulation in the last decades. Also newer houses are built so air-tight that they don't have enough natural air exchange to prevent moisture build-up.
    In many places it is not needed to open the windows, but they just put it in all contracts anyway, and then make the tennants pay if they got mould behind the furniture.

  • Not just Germany. On a recent visit to The Netherlands, air con was a not common occurrence. Prior to recent years, air con was not really needed in some European nations.
  • An average A/C unit in Germany costs EUR 2.5/hour to run or about EUR 10-30/day.

    Since the German equivalent of the green new deal (shut down all nuclear, coal, oil and gas, only use wind and solar) energy prices have gone up to 35-50c/kWh during peak hours and they have to buy in nuclear power from France and coal/gas/oil power from other neighbors.

    If they are increasing demand at this rate, and as France's government shuts down more nuclear they'll have rolling brownouts and energy will peak above a whole

    • by AmiMoJo ( 196126 ) on Thursday July 04, 2019 @11:21AM (#58872898) Homepage Journal

      An average A/C unit in Germany costs EUR 2.5/hour to run

      energy prices have gone up to 35-50c/kWh during peak hours

      These two statements don't add up.

      You are saying 50c/kWh at peak. So even at peak your AC would have be consuming 5000W to cost you â2.50/hour. A super crappy portable 12,000 BTU unit will only draw about 1.3kW. In fact a 5000W unit would need a special connection and breaker because a domestic socket can't supply that much.

      Even your â10/day would require a good 16 hours of usage at the "peak" rate of 50c/kWh. And even if it was â10/day, it would be for a few days a year max in Germany. Most people can't be bothered to spend hundreds of Euros on a portable unit or a window unit+installation for the sake of a few days once a decade.

    • An average A/C unit in Germany costs EUR 2.5/hour to run

      What the hell? What kind of "average" AC unit are you talking about that it uses almost 10 kW of power? What would you be cooling with it, an aircraft hangar?

    • have gone up to 35-50c/kWh during peak hours and they have to buy in nuclear power from France

      Also, that's BS, too. When there's the need to cool anything, it's because it's sunny, and when it's sunny, Germany's ~45 GW PV solar capacity (~65% of average German electricity consumption) is more than adequate to cover for the AC-increased needs. You might even expect exports rather than imports. Hell, even *to* France, depending on conditions.

      If they are increasing demand at this rate, and as France's government shuts down more nuclear they'll have rolling brownouts and energy will peak above a whole Euro.

      How cute. But no, that's not going to happen.

  • Who calls it aircon? It was Con Air, a crappy movie from 1997. A/C is my term, my electricity rates are high but I use cooling because it removes humidity. I live in place that has "coastal low clouds and fog" .
  • "We are advising customers, if they want to buy a fan, to be very quick, because we expect more heat," she said, "and we are almost sold out, especially in Berlin."

    No shit, Sherlock. And if she wasn't—even in Germany—she might soon be replaced by someone else.

    If the supply chain can't shift more units into Germany (whose share was small to begin with, if I'm to believe what I just read) it's only because Germans have extremely particular standards/expectations about the design of these units, so

  • Germans have always looked down on America's fondness for artificially chilled air as wasteful, unnatural and wimpy.

    That's much easier to do when your latitude is approximately that of Nova Scotia. I live in the US midwest and have lived both with and without air conditioning and once you are far enough north it's not too hard to do. But almost anywhere in the US south of around Virginia gets hot enough on a routine basis to make living without air conditioning deeply unpleasant or even dangerous for substantial portions of the year. For those of you in Europe, that is approximately the latitude of Southern Spain and

    • Jesus, 32-36c is dangerous, what a pussy!

      God knows how I am surviving now in Spain, or those other years where the temps were over 40c, all without aircon.

      God knows how I survived in my old house in Brazil with no air con at all....

  • Perhaps power costs are also a factor. While there may be cultural differences in tolerance for heat, I suspect there are strong economic drivers as well. Looks like electricity costs about three times [wikipedia.org] as much in Germany as it does in the United States.
    • It's mostly the latitude. People don't buy air conditioning just because they might need it a few days out of every year. My indoor temperature record in a non-AC'd house in the past ten days was something like 26 degrees in a south-facing room, down to 22 degrees at night. That was *during* the heatwave, mind you.
  • It was too freaking cold earlier. People had to evolve weird mutations like 6 ft heights and albino skin to survive the cold.

  • I don't think we even had a fan. But, the days weren't crazy hot and humid like we see in the States on a regular basis. We just opened the windows and let some breeze come through. It only seemed like we had two weeks of Summer though. I'm sure it was longer than that, but it seemed abbreviated compared to what we're used to in the US. In MD, our projected cooling cost for the Summer is $309 according to my BGE bill. That would be a few weeks in Germany. Ouch.

  • by K. S. Kyosuke ( 729550 ) on Thursday July 04, 2019 @11:35AM (#58872994)
    Passive houses mandated EU-wide from 2020 are not going to require air conditioning. And even these days, the usefulness of AC in this region is still questionable. Something that's only useful for a few days in a year and stands still for the rest of it is usually a terrible value proposition.
  • by Anonymous Coward on Thursday July 04, 2019 @11:38AM (#58873014)

    It doesn't really make sense to reference triple digit temperatures in an article about Germany. They (and pretty much the entire world) use Celcius.

    I think Europe is going to see more and more AC as time goes on. Too many people are dying in these big heat waves. It seems senseless when it can be prevented. Of course, energy costs are much higher, so even if AC becomes more common, it'd be used more sparingly.

  • by careysub ( 976506 ) on Thursday July 04, 2019 @12:18PM (#58873200)

    Okay, it is not secret, but nobody seems to know it.

    About 100 nuclear power plant units were built in the U.S. from the 1960s to about 1980, then construction on plants - even plants that were quite far along - stopped dead.

    All-powerful hippies crushing corporations across America? Government red-tape bringing it to its knees?

    No, it is the story of air conditioning.

    From the late 1950s to about 1980 per capita electricity demand in the U.S. grew steadily, something like 5% a year. This increase can be almost entirely accounted for by the near-universal adoption of air conditioning which was almost unknown in homes in 1950, but standard everywhere by 1980. Anyone familiar with the U.S. housing market is aware that homes built before the late 1960s did not have central air conditioning. By that latter date the year-after-year per capita electricity demand suddenly flat-lined, actually dropped slightly. And it was because we had reached "peak air conditioning" - full deployment of the relatively inefficient units of the day.

    The nuclear power units then under construction were never completed simply because the expected demand they were to serve was not there and the projects went bankrupt in the early 1980s (most famously the WPPSS project, of which on one of five units was completed). Electrical grid growth since 1980 in the U.S. has remained comparatively slow,. In 1985 per capita electricity demand only rose back to the 1980 level, and whereas this demand had increased 250% from 1960 to 1980 (20 years) it only grew to its final (so far) peak around 2000 by another 35% (another 20 years), and 20 years after that it is only 30% higher than the 1980 level.

    As climates get hotter electricity demand is going to increase because of air conditioning demand. It is not just for comfort, exposure to excessive heat kills people.

  • by account_deleted ( 4530225 ) on Thursday July 04, 2019 @01:13PM (#58873410)
    Comment removed based on user account deletion

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