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Earth Transportation

Massachusetts To Ban Sale of New Gas-Powered Cars by 2035 (caranddriver.com) 303

While EVs are still in the single-digit area of overall vehicle sales, they continue to climb and have already surpassed the sales of vehicles with manual transmissions. Now it seems that the electrification investments made by automakers are getting a boost from another part of the country. From a report: Massachusetts is joining California with a plan to ban the sale of new gasolined-powered cars by 2035. Governor Charlie Baker released a 2050 decarbonization road map that includes the reduction of emissions from passenger cars. Massachusetts states that 27 percent of statewide emissions come from light-duty vehicles (passenger vehicles). The goal is for the state to reach net-zero fossil-fuel emissions by 2050. In order to make sure those EVs are actually usable, the state plans to expand the public charging infrastructure to take into account that many people don't have a garage in which to charge an electric vehicle. The initiatives by California and now Massachusetts could be the beginning of a trend by states to slowly ban the sale of new gasoline-powered vehicles. Several European countries have the same types of measures in order to battle climate change. Meanwhile, President-Elect Joe Biden has a plan to speed up the electrification of vehicles in the United States that includes replacing the country's fleets with EVs.
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Massachusetts To Ban Sale of New Gas-Powered Cars by 2035

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  • Good move (Score:5, Insightful)

    by backslashdot ( 95548 ) on Saturday January 02, 2021 @07:26AM (#60886996)

    We should switch all electricity generation over to nuclear, hydro, and solar.

    Ultimately, it shouldn't be legal to pump 10 tons of carbon dioxide plus various pollutants every year into the atmosphere. Regardless of whether it causes climate change or not, it's a pretty shitty thing to do.

    • by h33t l4x0r ( 4107715 ) on Saturday January 02, 2021 @08:24AM (#60887110)
      My bedroom is heated primarily by dutch ovens, but I'd be willing to switch to atomic wedgies if the physics checks out. My wife has already left me and I have nothing left to lose.
    • Re:Good move (Score:4, Informative)

      by AmiMoJo ( 196126 ) on Saturday January 02, 2021 @08:34AM (#60887138) Homepage Journal

      Swap out nuclear for wind and you would be right. Wind is the best form of generation we have no. Incredibly cheap, very clean, reliable and safe.

      • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

        by zmooc ( 33175 )

        You have no idea. I live in the Netherlands and we'd need a string of 30000 kilometer of wind turbines to power our country, which is about 300 kilometers in length. Not only would it be ridiculous to build that, it would also take nearly a century to build if we'd ramp up production capacity as unreasonably fast as would be theoretically possible.

        While we should definitely invest in wind, there's no realistic carbon-neutral future without nuclear.

        We should start building nuclear power plants AND wind as fa

        • by rsilvergun ( 571051 ) on Saturday January 02, 2021 @11:39AM (#60887566)
          it's not that we don't trust nuclear, we don't trust ourselves. When it's time to decommission the plant we know damn well nobody's going to want to spend the money. A slick businessman will come along and tell us he and his scientists can do it for a fraction of the cost. We treat business like magic and just assume the free market'll sort it out. It's a lesson taught to us as kids. So we'll go with it, and he'll run the plant until there's a disaster.

          A hundred years ago he'd be living near the plant so this wasn't an option. Today he's hundreds if not thousands of miles away.

          If you want nuclear you need to solve that problem. I've read multiple stories of tech on the horizon, but always on the horizon. So far every plant that can be built today has at least 1 fail state where the surrounding area gets irradiated.
          • Re: (Score:2, Insightful)

            How does a molten salt reactor irradiate a large area? We already built one...

          • by Solandri ( 704621 ) on Saturday January 02, 2021 @05:10PM (#60888538)
            Well you must support nuclear power then, because that problem has already been solved. It's a green myth that we don't have money to decommission nuclear plants. Nuclear decommissioning costs are pre-paid [nrc.gov]. The NRC requires nuclear plant operators to add a surcharge to the electricity sold from nuclear power (about 0.2 cents/kWh if I remember right). That money is held in a fund, to be used when the reactor is decommissioned. The San Onofre nuclear plant (SONGS) was retired early, so its decommissioning fund was not as fat as they were projecting it would be by the time it would be needed. But its accumulated funds are more than enough to cover the estimated decommissioning costs [ca.gov]. (The remaining balance in the trust fund is invested, and accumulating interest and growing. So it will have plenty more than enough to cover all decommissioning costs even though it looks like the amount spent + fund balance is very close to the estimate. They're basically paying staff to keep the lights on while they wait a few decades for the fuel to cool down enough to transport.)

            As for nuclear waste, that's a political problem, not a technical problem. We've had the technology to deal with it since the 1950s. The reason that nuclear waste in the U.S. is dangerous for tens of thousands of years is because we consider the fuel to be spent while it still has more than 90% of the energy in the original uranium still in it. You can tap that remaining energy by reprocessing the fuel in a breeder reactor. That generates energy, and converts it into a form which can be used again as fuel in regular light water reactors. When all is said and done, only about 10% of the energy in the original uranium remains, and that waste is only dangerously radioactive for a few centuries. France and Russia (and I assume China) do not have a nuclear waste problem because they reprocess. Countries like Japan and Korea typically send their spent fuel to France for reprocessing. So why doesn't the U.S. reprocess?

            The major downside of reprocessing is that one of its by-products is weapons-grade plutonium. So in the interest of nuclear non-proliferation, President Carter banned reprocessing of spent fuel from commercial reactors in the U.S. Thus creating the nuclear waste problem the U.S. is grappling with. It is a purely political problem, not technological. And if you fast-forward a few hundred years, most countries and probably several companies and terrorist organizations will have the capability to produce their own nukes. The ban on reprocessing to prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons will no longer serve a purpose. And all this nuclear "waste" we've buried in Nevada or wherever for tens of thousands of years will suddenly become a valuable energy source. We'll be tripping over ourselves to dig it up and reprocess it. If not for use as an energy source (maybe we'll have fusion reactors by then), then at least to reduce the time we need to keep the stuff safely buried from tens of thousands of years to a few centuries.

            As for nuclear accidents irradiating the countryside, consider the size of the exclusion zones around Chernobyl (2600 km^2) and Fukushima (807 km^2). Divide it by the approx 500 nuclear plants used during that time, and it works out to an average off-limits area of about 7 km^2 per nuclear plant. The land area which is flooded behind a hydroelectric dam generating roughly the same amount of power is about 1000 km^2 per dam [wikipedia.org]. So for the power generated, hydro actually removes from use more than 100x the land area as nuclear accidents.
        • Re:Good move (Score:5, Interesting)

          by AmiMoJo ( 196126 ) on Saturday January 02, 2021 @12:21PM (#60887686) Homepage Journal

          You mean you need 30,000 turbines?

          The Netherlands uses around 100bn kWh/year of electricity.

          https://www.worlddata.info/eur... [worlddata.info]

          The UK already has around 10,000 turbines producing 65bn kWh/year, and most of those are on-shore.

          Off shore generates a lot more energy so I'd suggest you need around 15-17,000 of them for the Netherlands, and could build them relatively quickly and affordably.

          Or just buy energy from the UK. It has around 20x as much offshore energy as it consumes electrically, so can export 95% of it. Maybe wait for Scotland to get back into the EU and lay a cable.

          • Re: (Score:3, Informative)

            by MrL0G1C ( 867445 )

            Why does Scotland need to be in the EU to sell electricity? And why not use the existing grid? This silly idea that without being in the EU we can't trade is just fear mongering, the rest of the world has no problem trading with the EU, even China and look how badly they treat people.

            But GP clearly mucked up the maths somewhere, Netherlands is ideally placed to get lots of wind energy and of course they have a history of using wind energy.

        • Re:Good move (Score:5, Informative)

          by chill ( 34294 ) on Saturday January 02, 2021 @01:29PM (#60887896) Journal

          Progress. GE is rolling out [nytimes.com] monster wind turbines for off-short use that generate 13 megawatts of power per turbine. Other manufacturers are also scaling up in size to this and beyond.

          Your gov't already is planning on adding an additional 7 GW of wind power by 2030, for a total of 40% of all electricity generation. That's impressive.

          With the way wind technology is starting to rapidly increase, it'll probably play a bigger role than people realize. Still need nuclear? Probably, but with the fear factor is going to be an issue.

      • Re:Good move (Score:5, Insightful)

        by serviscope_minor ( 664417 ) on Saturday January 02, 2021 @10:11AM (#60887376) Journal

        Wind is the best form of generation we have no. Incredibly cheap, very clean, reliable and safe.

        Indeed, wind is very safe, it's only twice as bad as nuclear in terms of deaths per TWh making it one of the safest forms of electricity.

    • We should switch all electricity generation over to nuclear, hydro, and solar.

      Ultimately, it shouldn't be legal to pump 10 tons of carbon dioxide plus various pollutants every year into the atmosphere. Regardless of whether it causes climate change or not, it's a pretty shitty thing to do.

      From endless warmongering to manufacturing endless amounts of bullshit electronic trinkets to feed the addicted masses, ever wonder just how many "pretty shitty" jobs are created and sustained by these massive industries? You likely will. In the unemployment line.

      I certainly see your point, but if there was an easy answer to the greed and corruption that has infected mankind for thousands of years, we would have likely found it by now. And as the world becomes more and more dependent on sustaining vario

      • by ceoyoyo ( 59147 )

        You're arguing that we should warmonger and manufacture bullshit disposable trinkets so that we can distribute money to people? You'd think there'd be an easier way. Maybe even a more productive one.

  • This is a major wake up call for the industry. What's next for major auto-makers? Wondering what the hell is a "Massachusetts".
  • by kanweg ( 771128 ) on Saturday January 02, 2021 @08:19AM (#60887098)

    Instead of some promise in the far future, I’d rather have the politicians take some legal action now because we need action now. CO2 accumulates, so any ICE car replaced by an EV this year equates to savings in the future. Demand 5% EVs in 2021, 10% in 2022, 15% in 2022 etc. Manufacturers that don’t make it can buy credits from those that have excess. This will help Wright’s law to demonstrate itself and solve the cost problem sooner rather than later.

    • Automakers are already moving swiftly to electric. I wouldn't have said that even 3 years ago. I think Tesla's share price did it. Ford is set to have the electric F150 on the market by the middle of next year, that is THE most mainstream vehicle in America. For the Europeans the writing is on the wall even moreso. At this point legislation is shaping the transition, not causing it.
      • by ceoyoyo ( 59147 )

        I think the legislation will mostly get the infrastructure moving. Gas stations and electrical utilities should be thinking about what they're going to be doing in five and ten years, and deadlines help combat any wishful thinking.

  • by xack ( 5304745 ) on Saturday January 02, 2021 @08:33AM (#60887132)
    Every country has a different date, leaving the scandal of companies being “green” in one region and still knocking out poisonmobiles in another. We need the world to cooperate for once and set a mass change over date for the sake of humanity’s survival.
    • by MtViewGuy ( 197597 ) on Saturday January 02, 2021 @08:59AM (#60887212)

      I think it really depends on two things:

      1) rapid development of battery packs that will allow for a range of at least 500 km (310 miles) per charge without making the weight of the car excessive.

      2) Adoption of a single universal standard for commercial DC charging with a peak of 350 kW. No more CCS 1, IEC CCS 2, Tesla Supercharger of CHAdeMO separate standards, but a singular plug standard. At least Europe got it right by standardizing on ICE CCS Type 2.

      • No more CCS 1, IEC CCS 2, Tesla Supercharger of CHAdeMO separate standards, but a singular plug standard.

        Obligatory. ;) [xkcd.com]

      • by shilly ( 142940 )

        The 300 mille standard pack is only a couple of years off. I reckon the next gen of all the following will be there or thereabouts: Zoe, iPace (pretty much is today), eNiro/Kona, eTron, iD3, Ariya, i4, Taycan, Mach e, Cupra el-Born, Enyaq, Polestar, EQC...

  • Mandating electric vehicles (the most likely replacement for ICE vehicles) in a state with the 3rd highest electric rates in the nation probably won't go over well with your average consumer.

    • What are the rates? EVs are quite efficient, so they may still be cheaper to run, especially with their lower maintenance costs.
      • It's a toss up. If you take what you spend on gasoline and dump that into your electric bill, will you still come out ahead? In summer with the AC running? Or winter with your electric heater since I'm sure we'll ban burning natural gas for heating at some point as well.

        That's why you almost need a house with solar to really make this all work. Most of us don't even have our own condos, let alone houses with roofs and backyards.

        I love my hybrid though. High 40s low 50 mpg depending on how cold it is and I c

    • It's still cheaper than gas. What's your point?

  • So Cars, Inc. will sell a new car to 2nd Hand Cars, Inc., which will then sell to the citizens of Massachusetts. The vehicle will not be 'new' anymore. And if you think I'm overly cynical, I've seen this done with boats, which were left with their engine running while in the harbor for a few days, just so it would have 1000km on the meter and it could be sold as second hand, thus avoiding certain taxes.

    In other news, Tesla is bringing out an update so their cars will become fully autonomous. You just need t

    • If it's like any other emissions or safety regulation, "new" here refers to the date of manufacture, not whether it's the original owner.
  • EVs are currently less than 2% of the U.S. market; the rest are ICE. Replacing ICE with EVs would mean 50x more EV battery packs.

    With their CURRENT compositions, our planet doesn't have enough of the raw materials, e.g. lithium, cobalt, manganese. And copper, much more heavily used in EVs than in ICEs, is very expensive already. Production of these is also "dirty" and primarily in nations that we have some level of trade war with.

    We can't get there from here. A few magic laws won't change it.
    • Nice rant. Why did you attach it to an article about a single state mandating new car sales be EV a decade and a half from now?

      Literally nothing you wrote has anything to do with this article.

  • by havana9 ( 101033 ) on Saturday January 02, 2021 @11:40AM (#60887568)
    You can convert an otto cycle engine to run on methane quite easily. And because methane is a by-product of chemical processes, and also of natural decay of organic matter, is a renewable. At the same time methane is an explosive gas and it's a cause of global warming, so it's better to be harvested and used to produce energy.
    Research to use solar energy and carbon dioxide to generate methane is developing now. And for methane you already have infrastructure, gas pipe an fuel pumps. [www.tno.nl]
    CNG powered cars and lorries aren't cool like a sport Tesla, I know, but it's a viable solution especially for not sending perfectly working cars to the scrapyard.
  • If you make it cheap enough people will switch to electro en masse and you will have the political climate to ban ices on short notice (like 5 years etc.). Instead you just ban them for your place in the history books and expect other people to make your vision reality.

  • Bring on the diesel-powered bro trucks [staticflickr.com]!

  • By 2023/2024, I expect new none commercial vehicle sale in the west and China to be over 50%. Even now, sandy Munro has brought his estimates down to 2025 to 2028 for that, though his industry wide, not limited.

    What is needed is for some nations/states to drop it down to 2025. Say Norway, UK, or California. This would push all Western LICE makers to quickly move to EV on passenger vehicles. And yes, giving LICE makers 5-8 years from now is more than enough time. Even rolls, lambo, etc need to move over.
  • by Culture20 ( 968837 ) on Saturday January 02, 2021 @04:04PM (#60888360)
    My uncle has a country place
    That no one knows about
    He says it used to be a farm
    Before the Motor Law
    And on Sundays I elude the eyes
    And hop the Turbine Freight
    To far outside the Wire
    Where my white-haired uncle waits
    ...
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?... [youtube.com]

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