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United States Medicine

7% of Americans Have Had Covid-19 (cnn.com) 263

CNN reports: According to Johns Hopkins University's tally of cases in the United States, there have been at least 23,754,315 cases of coronavirus in the U.S., and at least 395,785 deaths. On Saturday, Johns Hopkins reported 198,218 new cases and 3,286 new deaths...

On Friday, the CDC said new more contagious variants of the coronavirus will likely accelerate the spread of the virus and that means the US must double down on efforts to protect people.

The U.S. Census Bureau calculates the country's entire population is 330,827,996 people. These figures suggest 7.18% of the American population has now experienced the disease — more than 1 out of every 14 Americans.
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7% of Americans Have Had Covid-19

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  • ... before everybody in the US has had it.

    Latest doubling looks like it took just under 2 months. Extrapolating that (ignoring that it WILL fold down near the end as it runs out of targets, vaccines, and a bunch of other deltas) and you're talking hitting the wall around Labor Day.

    • (ignoring that it WILL fold down near the end

      So Labor Day... 2022.

      • by Ungrounded Lightning ( 62228 ) on Monday January 18, 2021 @02:31AM (#60958172) Journal

        So Labor Day... 2022.

        Jan 2021: 7.18%
        March 2021: 14.36%
        May 2021: 28.72%
        July 2021: 57.44%
        Sept 2021: hit the 100% wall or some other limit by then.

        Nope. Sept 2021.

        Of course something will pull it off the approximate exponential somewhere before the impossible 100+%. Most processes that start out with exponential growth within a limited population end up making an S curve (the integral of an epi curve included).

        On the other hand, it could go faster and sooner, as the new, more contagious, mutants take over. Increased contagiousness on the virus' part does exactly the opposite of all the "flatten the curve" mitigation efforts.

        (Think of it as evolution in action: Both COVID's and ours.)

        • I guess that's true, since more people than have been tested will have actually have had the disease, so will have some resistance. If it was in the USA a lot earlier than popular opinion, but in a less virrulent form, then perhaps it'll start the top of the S sooner rather than later.

    • by mark-t ( 151149 ) <markt.nerdflat@com> on Monday January 18, 2021 @02:23AM (#60958144) Journal
      Virus spread through a fixed size population follows a logistic curve, not an exponential one. After more than 50% of capacity is reached, the rate of new infections will invariably start to slow down.
      • Re: (Score:2, Informative)

        by Anonymous Coward

        Mutations increase with the number of infections. Effectiveness of antibodies degrades with time and may be less effective against later mutated forms. End result is the spread will continue even beyond 50%, because some of that 50% had it a 6 months ago and recovered.

      • Which is a blessing. It seems that at about 1% saturation of active cases the medical infrastruction , as best I can work out, perhaps a little higher if the medical system is well prepared. After that, the hospitals overflow and the death toll shoots through the roof because people in respiratory distress cant get rescue care (intubation, etc)

        This vaccince cant come soon enough. Because if 7% covid reach can kill 400K Americans (with some researchers suggesting a significantly higher death rate that hasnt

    • America is manufacturing a million doses of vaccine per day.

      That will increase as more manufacturing capacity comes online.

      Each recipient needs two doses. But herd immunity from vaccines will soon start reducing the transmission rate.

      • by aberglas ( 991072 ) on Monday January 18, 2021 @02:47AM (#60958208)

        By the time it is available, enough people will have had it that you have herd immunity anyway.

        There are two tests. One for the virus itself, and one for the antibodies. The latter tests whether someone has ever had the disease. Doing the second test on a decent sample will give you the rate. If it grows to more than about 40% by the time the vaccine is available, then only give the vaccine to the vulnerable -- the virus has run its course.

        • Here, we have an infection rate of about 0.0001% of the population. But then again, if everyone that enters is vaccinated, we might only need to vaccinate the vulnerable.

        • By the time it is available, enough people will have had it that you have herd immunity anyway

          If so, then history will record this as complete and utter failure.

        • >"There are two tests. One for the virus itself, and one for the antibodies. The latter tests whether someone has ever had the disease"

          That is ignoring T-cells, which can impart another type of immunity which is still in place long after antibodies are gone. But that isn't something that can be easily tested for.

          You can have an infection in the past, have testable antibodies for several months, then afterward, come up negative on an antibody test. So an antibody test will not tell you if someone "has e

      • This assumes the antivaxx crowd isn't going to be an issue....
      • America is manufacturing a million doses of vaccine per day.

        Why the hell was that not possible with N95 masks? Why is it still not possible?

        • Why the hell was that not possible with N95 masks?

          The manufacturing capacity for the vaccine was built out in parallel with the research.

          If the vaccine had not been approved, the built-out would have been a waste, but it was a gamble worth taking.

          With masks, there wasn't enough ramp-up time. So there were shortages.

          Why is it still not possible?

          N95 masks are currently available on Amazon and at Walmart, so I am not sure what you are talking about.

      • What's really crazy is Biden's 100 million vaccinations goal is jabs, not people, or a rate that allows vaccination for everyone in 2 years
    • Sure, sure. Then everyone can get it a second time, and a third time, until their bodies just give up and die from all the collateral damage.
    • Two factors are going to significantly skew your (crude) model. Obviously the vaccines, which both reduce the susceptible population smaller and decrease R0. Secondly, a significant portion of the population that is able to significantly reduce infection by exercising effective control measures such as masking, stringent hygiene, remote working, remote learning, voluntary isolation. The latter could be substantial, perhaps somewhere between a quarter and a third of the US population, more in other countries

    • Exrapolating exponential curves is what makes profit for stockbokers. It doesn't make nearly as much for their clients, who rarely have the insider knowledge available to professional stockbrokers. In this case, there are so many physical, social, and political factors that its _exact_ shape is difficult to predict.

  • by niftydude ( 1745144 ) on Monday January 18, 2021 @01:10AM (#60957942)
    What happens next will surprise those with no understanding of math.
  • by w3woody ( 44457 ) on Monday January 18, 2021 @01:13AM (#60957954) Homepage

    The problem with this number is that we are not testing everyone. We didn't back in April of last year when there simply weren't enough supplies, and we aren't testing everyone now.

    Back in April there was a suggestion that for every case positive there were 8 to 10 people who had COVID-19 but who had never been tested; because so many cases are relatively mild or even asymptomatic, and because we had a severe shortage of testing supplies, that suggests that by the end of the summer tens of millions probably had COVID-19 but who never were tested.

    And we aren't catching all cases now, thanks in part to asymptotic spread, and thanks to not everyone who has symptoms getting tested.

    If we assume 8 times more people have had the disease than have tested positive, that implies that 56% of the population of the United States has had COVID-19. Even if that number is as low as 2 times, that still implies 14% of the population has had the disease. So it's safe to say that the disease is extremely wide spread in the general population, and it's only a question of how wide spread it has been.

    • by quenda ( 644621 ) on Monday January 18, 2021 @01:27AM (#60957994)

      Yes, headline is very wrong. 7% is only the confirmed cases.

      This paper estimated the number of infections at over 14% in mid-November. Still a very long way from herd immunity though.
      https://jamanetwork.com/journa... [jamanetwork.com]

      A higher number is good, in that it means the infection mortality rate is lower, but this does not mean we should be trying to increase it!
      While many of the dead were in nursing homes waiting to die, huge numbers were healthy and active, enjoying their retirement and caring for their grandchildren, before being hit by Covid.

      • It turns out, the 7% figure was editordavid's editorializing. What is the real number? We don't know, because the necessary random surveillance testing is completely missing in action. Hopefully the Biden administration has more of a clue and will get that going as an urgent priority.

        Who am I kidding? This is America, the fuckups will continue as normal. We may never know accurately how many have had it.

    • 6 to 1 is the number I read from my local health authorities.

      • by nyet ( 19118 )

        at 14% that's two doublings to 56%

      • 6 times 23 million is 138 million.

        If that many Americans already had the disease and are presumably immune from reinfection, the infection curve would be bent much more than it is.

    • FYI all blanket testing in regions and cities that I read about (in Europe: Austria, Slovakia, Netherlands, Switzerland) indicated that there were many asymptomatic cases, but not 8x as many as detected through testing of symptomatic people. Depending on how easy it is to get tested, and the "penalty" in case you're positive (a detractor to get tested when having symptoms), YMMV. My daughter got tested 5 times between October and December, only the last time she passed. Thankfully, she doesn't fail tests at
    • >"If we assume 8 times more people have had the disease than have tested positive, that implies that 56% of the population of the United States has had COVID-19."

      So, presumably then, up to 56% of people now have immunity. And since 40% of those yet-to-be-infected will have no symptoms (meaning they never get sick because they can't get infected or have natural immunity). So it is really more like half to 86% over, before we even start counting in vaccinations or herd immunity effect.

      Or it is the end of

    • The model that I've been following most closely is https://covid19-projections.com/path-to-herd-immunity/ [covid19-projections.com] by Youyang Gu.

      His models proved to be highly accurate back in the spring of 2020, when there was relatively little information about the epidemiology of COVID-19. In particular, he criticized what he felt was low-quality and inappropriate assumptions made by other, more authoritative outlets like IHME.

      Around the middle of last year, I was estimating that the prevalence ratio was somewhere around 3 to 5

  • by ArchieBunker ( 132337 ) on Monday January 18, 2021 @01:14AM (#60957958)

    Have you had a chest x-ray? https://www.chron.com/coronavi... [chron.com]

    • I haven't had the bug thank god, but in 6 months I've had 2 tests and a lung x-ray. Scary times.
    • I'm worried that I had an asymptomatic case back before it was really well known and have some long term damage. Is that 70-80 percent of asymptomatic people have terrible lung damage?

      • >"I'm worried that I had an asymptomatic case back before it was really well known and have some long term damage. Is that 70-80 percent of asymptomatic people have terrible lung damage?

        I believe you are worried unnecessarily. Asymptomatic but showing positive just means there was enough virus to set off a test, which is an extremely low virus count. Presumably, someone who has no symptoms (but actually was exposed) should have little to no damage because the virus could not replicate to any meaningful

      • I doubt it. You don't get a lung worse than a smoker's without some noticeable before and after effects. Even smokers when they quit despite their lung damage never being truly reversed show considerable and noticeable improvement in their respiratory system.

        Do you find yourself short on breath now when you weren't before (corrected for the possibility that during COVID-19 you've been laying on a couch for 6 months in work from home like some people)?
        Do you have a cough that you can't get rid of?

        That's the

    • by MobyDisk ( 75490 ) on Monday January 18, 2021 @11:19AM (#60959768) Homepage

      That article looks really misleading.

      She said it's a rare occurrence when any of her patients' X-rays come back clear of dense scarring.

      This is sampling bias.: You only give x-rays to people who you expect to show symptoms.

      Those who experienced COVID-19 symptoms have shown a severe chest X-ray every single time.

      Replace "COVID-19" with "Pneumonia" and reread that sentence. "Those who experienced Pneumonia symptoms have shown a sever chest X-ray every single time." The correct response to that statement should be "duh, that's what Pneumonia means." This is fearmongering.

      It then goes on to say *how* bad the x-rays were. We could rewrite this entire article to be about Flu and it would look the same. The article is implying that everyone who gets covid-19 has these severe long-term symptoms. But this Mayo clinic article says [mayoclinic.org] "Most people who have coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) recover completely within a few weeks. But some people — even those who had mild versions of the disease — continue to experience symptoms after their initial recovery." I'm still looking for numbers on how often this happens, but until I find that I take articles like this Chron article with a grain of salt.

  • by at10u8 ( 179705 ) on Monday January 18, 2021 @01:17AM (#60957962)
    The raw numbers deserve to be presented along with an epidemiological model that estimates what has not been measured based on what has been measured. I suspect that something like three times as many people have had COVID but they are not counted here because they were asymptomatic and not tested.
    • I suspect it is much higher. Easily 10x.

      There was a study in England over the summer, which found that 3.4 million had been infected. Back then, the official number for UK was around 300k. In other words, the survey suggested 11 times more infections than the detected cases.

      https://www.bloomberg.com/news... [bloomberg.com]

      • by GuB-42 ( 2483988 )

        Probably not, 60% is generally considered the herd immunity threshold. It it really was 10x (70%), there would be few new infections. It is clearly not the case.
        The 10x underestimate may have been true in the first wave, as few countries had adequate testing capabilities, but now it is more likely to be around 2x. The death rate is estimated to be around 1%, and a 2x underestimate would fit.

      • That was before they have ramped up testing.

      • by MrL0G1C ( 867445 )

        I expect the real number is somewhere inbetween, testing has increased, the numbers of people infected has increased so more of the people who think they might have COVID probably now do have covid rather than just a cold.

        If 20% of people tested have covid that doesn't mean 20% of the population have covid, some people will get tested because they have a much higher chance of having covid but that doesn't apply to the population at large.

        What people should really be tested for is vitamin D deficiency, it is

  • So to reach herd immunity at 60% of the population 3.5 million people will have to die. Trump and friends have a lot of explaining to do.
    • So to reach herd immunity at 60% of the population 3.5 million people will have to die.

      Nonsense. As we've seen by the mutations so far, by the time the virus spread to 60%, it will have mutated and start infecting people for round two. Or rather, if the mutations with it only 1/4 of the way there are worrisome enough they were wondering if the vaccine would work... extrapolate.

  • by Rosco P. Coltrane ( 209368 ) on Monday January 18, 2021 @01:22AM (#60957978)

    7.18% of the American population has now experienced the disease - more than 1 out of every 14 Americans.

    That was just as necessary a clarification as saying "more than 7 out of every 100 Americans".

  • Testing rates aren't anywhere near high enough to get on top of outbreaks or track the real numbers. And contact tracing would be assisted by wider use of apps to backtrack the movements of positive cases. But people are idiots.

  • https://www.houstonchronicle.c... [houstonchronicle.com]

    "Effectively, COVID acted like your first vaccination, so your first shot of vaccine is going to be a boost. If you’ve had COVID, you might be able to get away with a single-dose boost — we don’t know — but why not take both of them? There’s no way that this can harm you. It is only training a population of cells. They are very loyal, good little soldiers, and they are out there to protect you."

  • What I really want to know is: how many Americans have ever used GNU Hurd?
  • !% die, 395k died --> 39.5 million infected. Straight math. That's 12% of the population.

    If it is less deadly then even more people have had it. Think it's 0.6% of people who have it die? --> 65.8 million infected. 1.6% die --> 24 million. It's probably around 1%, maybe a bit less now so 12%.

    The number dead ignores the percentage broke from paying the emergency room or with trashed lungs or other organs thanks to the infection. You probably know 100 people including friends of friends and relative

  • by BAReFO0t ( 6240524 ) on Monday January 18, 2021 @07:21AM (#60959008)

    You forgot everyone who had no symptoms or just wasn't tested!

    (That is how some states keep their numbers low. They just don't test.)

  • by quonset ( 4839537 ) on Monday January 18, 2021 @11:45AM (#60959896)

    While this number is certainly low because these are only the people who have been tested, the soaring number of people dying every day is overwhelming funeral home staff [cbsnews.com]. These places are resorting to cremations rather than burials in an effort to process the bodies as quickly as they can. In fact, the air quality regulator in Los Angeles has suspended rules to allow crematoriums to reduce the backlog of bodies [cnn.com].

    But this spreading isn't going away any time soon. There are a projected 500,000 dead expected by the middle of February [cnn.com], even with vaccinations.

    In short, the U.S. is number one in the world for cases and deaths. So much winning.

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