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Earth

Tree-Planting Schemes Are Just Creating Tree Cemeteries 141

An anonymous reader quotes a report from VICE World News: Thousands of cylindrical plastic tree guards line the grassland here, so uniform that, from a distance, it looks like a war memorial. This open space at the edge of King's Lynn, a quiet market town in the east of England, was supposed to be a new carbon sink for Norfolk, offering 6,000 trees to tackle the climate crisis. The problem is that almost all of the trees that the guards were supposed to protect have died. Experts have told VICE World News that not only were they planted at the wrong time of year, but that they were planted on species-rich grassland that was already carbon negative, which has now been mostly destroyed by tree planting. Environmentalists also point out that the trees were planted so shallowly into the ground that most were unlikely to ever take root. By planting the seedlings in April, instead of in winter or early spring, they never had a good chance of survival anyway.

A pledge to tackle the climate crisis has turned into the opposite of carbon offsetting -- all using council funding (they declined to tell VICE World News how much). "Councils don't have a lot of money," Dr Charlie Gardner, a conservation scientist and local climate activist, told me as he showed me through the site. "There was a lot of good that could have been done with that money. But it's clear to me that doing good wasn't ever an objective, it was just seen to be doing something. That's what makes me sad about the whole thing."

A number of regional and national governments have announced enormous tree planting schemes in the past few years as momentum has built to tackle the climate crisis -- and many of them haven't gone to plan. Hackney Council's partnership with charity Trees for Cities, which was funded by Coca Cola's company Honest Organic, was criticized in 2020 when it appeared that most, if not all, of the 4,000 trees planted had died. Environmentalists have criticized Pakistan's "10 billion trees" project for being an expensive waste of resources and Egypt, which will host the next UN climate conference, claims it will plant 100 million trees across the country.
"There are no quick fixes with this crisis," Dr Charlie Gardner, a conservation scientist and local climate activist, said. "Simply planting trees isn't the answer. If we want these trees to have a real impact, they've got to still be alive in 100 years and that means it's a 100-year commitment, not a 1-day commitment."

"The most important thing is to stop burning fossil fuels. The second most important thing is conserve the nature we already have. Trying to create new nature to absorb our fossil fuel emissions is way down the list of priorities."
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Tree-Planting Schemes Are Just Creating Tree Cemeteries

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  • missing info (Score:5, Interesting)

    by belmolis ( 702863 ) <billposer.alum@mit@edu> on Thursday September 01, 2022 @11:47PM (#62845415) Homepage
    What is missing here is information on whether it is hard to do it right. Is tree-planting really not going to be helpful if done intelligently, or is the problem just that some of the people in charge are incompetent?
    • Re:missing info (Score:5, Insightful)

      by fahrbot-bot ( 874524 ) on Friday September 02, 2022 @12:04AM (#62845429)

      Yes. The title and focus should be "Poorly-Implemented Tree-Planting Schemes Are [failing]". Doing something, especially hastily, w/o thinking it through and w/o having the appropriate people, with the appropriate knowledge, working on it is often worse than doing nothing. In this case, trees shouldn't have even been planted:

      Experts have told VICE World News that not only were they planted at the wrong time of year, but that they were planted on species-rich grassland that was already carbon negative, which has now been mostly destroyed by tree planting.

      That they even planted the trees at the wring time of the year shows that whoever was in charge didn't know what they were doing, or didn't listen to people who did. Perhaps they just wanted to do *something* and/or be seen as doing something -- and (probably) get paid for it, of course.

      • The shallow planting suggests that they were not in fact trying to succeed, but trying to fail. A seedling has a root some length. It is not rocket surgery to figure out you need a hole that deep.

        • The shallow planting suggests that they were not in fact trying to succeed, but trying to fail.
          A seedling has a root some length. It is not rocket surgery to figure out you need a hole that deep.

          Or they simply didn't care if they succeeded / failed. Planting a tree properly takes more time and effort --
          and, of course, from Volunteers [wikipedia.org] we know that time is money ...

          Chung Mee: Speed is important in business. Time is money.
          Lawrence Bourne III: You said opium was money.
          Chung Mee: Money is Money.
          Lawrence Bourne III: Well then, what is time again?

        • Re:missing info (Score:4, Interesting)

          by sg_oneill ( 159032 ) on Friday September 02, 2022 @02:29AM (#62845603)

          Attempting to fail seems implausible. Indiference to success somewhat less so, but I'd be surprised if there wasnt at least SOME intention to succeed, even if half arsedly. Don't confuse incompetence for malice.

          • Not confusing these two is usually one of my guidelines, too.

            But the regular incompetence (which I would assume for myself as for any politician as a default) would be: I don't know how to plant a tree. I have to ask someone how to do it (or watch a youtube video) and will get information on how to properly plant a tree.

            But here we either had someone who THOUGHT they knew how to plant trees (a politician? I don't think anyone would feel ashamed for admitting to not know how to do that. And it's the job of m

          • Don't confuse incompetence for malice.

            Don't mistake malice for incompetence, either. (I assume your word choices were mistakes, though. If you wanted to use the word "confuse" then you'd want "with" and not "for", because of the meaning of the word confuse.)

            It's not a mystery how you get tree farming projects to work out. One of them is that you put them where they make sense. Another is that you let the trees get big enough before you abandon them. If they failed at either of these things then they are at best incompetent, but more likely mali

      • by Bongo ( 13261 )

        Doing something, especially hastily, w/o thinking it through and w/o having the appropriate people, with the appropriate knowledge, working on it is often worse than doing nothing.

        That is the lesson.

        And it should just be the default starting point when dealing with anything complex. First, do no harm. Another great example is in the stories that Allan Savory gave in his TED talk.

        How to fight desertification and reverse climate change (NOTE: Statements in this talk have been challenged by scientists worki [ted.com]

      • by havana9 ( 101033 )
        Really I've seen successful tree planting schemes, some involving 7 year old with a small spade and shovel. Using the right plants and the right time of the years made the tree grow.
      • Recent research from NASA has determined that most trees planted in warmer regions are actually net carbon emitters, including even the Amazon Rainforest. Trees at higher latitudes in cooler climates are the current largest reserves of carbon negative forests. So while it might be beneficial in the high altitudes of Pakistan, planting them in Egypt will actually be absorbing little to no carbon out of the air. Anyone interested in this kind of research, I suggest you start with this pretty decent, if only
    • by Kisai ( 213879 )

      Tree planting should only be done with "native" trees, and unfortunately this isn't what happens in most parts of the world. Only trees that are cheap, male (so they don't flower or grow fruit, to attract animals) and "pretty" are used.

      The way to solve this problem ultimately is by focusing on using native trees and other native "soil-fixation" vegetation to the climate, alternating between clusters of male and female trees (perhaps even designing it so that the female trees are grown over brambles (eg rasp

      • by Sique ( 173459 )
        One of the most important aspects of a natural biotope is the sheer number of species. In a natural environment, having two specimen of the same species as direct neighbors is quite seldom, except they are clones of each other because of asexual reproduction. Just buying 10,000 saplings from the same vendor simply creates another dead monoculture. Maybe the project in question did an invitation to tender, and the best bidder to provide the saplings won - with the cheapest collection of a single species. And
      • Tree planting should only be done with "native" trees

        Nope. Native trees are dying out in many locations due to AGW. Blindly planting natives is as bad as blindly not planting natives. They may literally no longer be viable in an area due to climate change.

        I'm not someone that has done a lot of research on the subject.

        We know

    • Re:missing info (Score:5, Interesting)

      by gmack ( 197796 ) <gmack@noSpAM.innerfire.net> on Friday September 02, 2022 @12:30AM (#62845475) Homepage Journal

      I spent 3 years of my childhood on an army base that was taken over the the government after it was strip logged to the point where it turned into a desert. WW II era pics show tents and buildings surrounded by a sandy dust bowl. Someone started tree planting probably 20 years before I lived there and parts of the base had trees in perfect rows but large parts were still sandy. Every year the whole base shut down for a day and everyone (including the students) planted trees. Many of those trees didn't survive but enough did that the next year it was easier to bring life to the area.

    • The summary is clear: there have been "a number" of tree planting schemes and "many" have not gone to plan.

      So the success rate is (all - many) / (a number).

      • The summary is clear: there have been "a number" of tree planting schemes and "many" have not gone to plan.

        So the success rate is (all - many) / (a number).

        This is Science, don't bring Math into it -- geesh. :-)

        [And the other STEM letters will get jealous.]

    • In my location, almost any planted tree survives unless cut down.

      You have to plant the wrong kind of tree in an unforgiving location in order to fail. If you plant an appropriate tree species in bad location, you get a smaller-than-average tree. If you plant an inappropriate tree species in a good location, you get a smaller-than-average tree.

      In this case, some idiots did not actually 'plant' the trees, as it says in the summary: ' the trees were planted so shallowly into the ground that most were unlikely

      • This was an intentional failure, a passive-aggressive waste of the trees.

        Never attribute to malice that which is adequately explained by stupidity -- Heinlein, Churchill, et al [wikipedia.org]

        Ask any homeowner to plant new trees in their yard and almost all of them will do some portion of it incorrectly. Either planting the wrong species, at the wrong time of year, too close together, too near existing structures, incorrect sunlight considerations, incorrect or lack of pruning, etc.

        We planted trees that looked cute when they were six feet tall, but when they grew to thirty feet and started c

        • Yes. Note that in this case, the area has been suffering this summer from one of the worst droughts in its history - https://www.theguardian.com/en... [theguardian.com]. That includes Kings Lynn. So some losses should have been expected anyway.

          Another feature is that it is politically essential to involve everybody possible in the operation so they feel they have some ownership of it. This results sometimes in young schoolchildren small enough not to be able to push a spade into the ground trying to plant. You would hope th

        • Planting a seedling shallower than the length of the root is not adequately explained by mere stupidity.

          The simplest answer is that the group planting the trees were not uniformly mentally disabled, but instead that they didn't actually want the trees in that location. It is nothing at all like the mistake of planting a tree too close to a house.

    • Re:missing info (Score:4, Insightful)

      by drinkypoo ( 153816 ) <drink@hyperlogos.org> on Friday September 02, 2022 @09:00AM (#62846091) Homepage Journal

      Stop saying the people involved are incompetent. That is willfully ignorant, which is a kind of incompetence itself. The people involved are successfully running away with the money. They're not incompetent. They are evil.

      Being unwilling to recognize evil when you see it only leads to a stupid idea of what evil is. Then people get all twisted over ideological horseshit that was all made up to distract us from reality anyway. Look at actual actions and consequences, that's how you figure out what people are.

      • by gweihir ( 88907 )

        I agree. There are still tons of people getting rich, or usually richer, by making climate change worse. These people are evil, and no other view on them will accomplish anything.

    • There are many many tree planting programs that were succesful. Israel is known for doing

      This was caused entirely by incompetence. A key sign of incompetence is that it is done by a local government. Local governments are almost always incompetent, particularly small town. Despite what American GOP believes, small government tends to be failures.

      Why?

      small talent pool - best person in a small town is average in a big city

      small interest in politics - nobody cares enough to learn which person running for e

    • Its not just about whether its hard to do right, its about whether its easy to write rules / contracts that force people to do it right.

      Humans and businesses are generally selfish, and profit optimizing by nature. So if there is a more profitable behavior it will be chosen, even if it has zero or negative environmental value. It not easy to figure out how to write rules that will cover all of those possibilities.

      I think there are situations where tree planting IS a very effective way to spend enviro
  • Very few things in life work if you fail at them. Isn't this a tautology? By the same logic, if I feed starving families undercooked food, I may poison them. A meal is not so nourishing if you puke it up 2h later. So some amateurs thought "Hmm, trees are good" and went out to plant some and didn't consult the many people in every community who literally make a living planting trees?

    So yeah, good deeds are only effective if you do them well.

    Also, tree planting is REALLY important for reasons beyo
    • by Kisai ( 213879 )

      Something that religious people misunderstand is that their scripture basically made a "god will punish you" fear for pretty much every uncooked food toxicity. This is why we know that eating raw pork is a bad idea, this is why eating raw shellfish is a bad idea. 6000 years ago, people would go "I want to eat the thing, it looks tasty" but not know how to cook it. Hence religious stories were written around inventing reasons why people got sick and died when they ate those.

      Today, and for the last 70 years a

      • by Bert64 ( 520050 )

        The less often people are exposed to things, the less tolerance they have.
        In the wild, predators always eat raw meat and some scavengers eat meat that has been sitting around a while.
        That's also why people who live in developed countries with good hygiene standards generally get sick when they go on holiday to a developing country.

  • by rsilvergun ( 571051 ) on Friday September 02, 2022 @12:34AM (#62845485)
    We just don't want to do it.

    We need to give up on prosperity Gospel and accept that the 20,000 people who on 50% of everything can't go on doing that. Then we need to divert those resources into a massive public works project to build out wind and solar farms globally. Well that's going on we need to give up our private automobiles and build walkable cities with public transportation and trains between them. This means no more suburbs and no more moving away from your problems and the urban blight that comes with them.

    We know all this but we just don't want to do it. Cars get you laid. Billionaires are cool. And trains are lame.
    • by Z80a ( 971949 )

      You just moved the money to different 20.000 people.
      That much power and money in the hand of few will just get stolen.
      Governments are also people, few people, people that are already stealing money left and right.
      Sadly you have to make saving the planet actually profitable somehow if you want it done.
      And it have to be on a individual, spread out level, rather than some super government that will try to force everyone into it and you will end with things exactly like the news.
      I personally believe the best wa

      • Do we know if processing wood into final products and shipping them will require more energy and release more CO2 than its plastic alternative?
        I haven't seen any numbers, but I think it's an interesting perspective.

        Limiting plastic is obviously good for the environment, but is it automatically better when it comes to reducing global warming also?
      • What if we didn't? There's absolutely no reason why we need to have a ruling class. All that it takes to do away with our ruling class is for us to decide we don't want one anymore.

        But you want there to be a ruling class. You're probably hoping or even thinking you're going to be a member but you still want the comfort of knowing somebody above you is in charge. Making decisions for you. And protecting you from something..

        The reality is money is power. Absolute power corrupts. I don't think anyone w
    • I vote we make you one of the first people to give up western level resource consumption.

      No more computer. No more clean running water. No more ordering Chinese crap from Amazon. No more eating food brought to you from around the world. No more lights at night, heat in the winter and cooling in the summer.

      You go first and let us know how it works out for you then the rest of us will have the data we need to apply the appropriate level of suffering to everyone else.

      Thanks for volunteering because I'm sur

      • I vote we make you one of the first people to give up western level resource consumption.

        That won't help, tooly mctrollbag. We have to use about 1/2 the resources we are using or we're all doomed. What's especially stupid about your argument is that all we actually have to do is change the habits of the ultra wealthy. They are using most of the resources, and making the decisions that make the rest of us live more inefficiently. Here you are, cheering them on, despite the presence of their cock in your mouth, and their balls on your chin.

      • Y'all putting words in my mouth boy. I'm saying we have to give up cars and suburbs and urban sprawl and the social hierarchies and systems that go with them. This also means that if you're kind of a loser and chicks don't dig you but you have Rich parents you don't get to use that money to get laid. Unfortunately it also means if you're kind of a loser you can't just bust your ass working and studying to make a lot of money on your own and use that to get laid.

        Basically this is the one problem I don't k
    • by swillden ( 191260 ) <shawn-ds@willden.org> on Friday September 02, 2022 @10:58AM (#62846457) Journal

      We need to give up on prosperity Gospel

      This strategy has always failed, and will always fail. There's no way to get people to give up their comfortable lifestyles en masse, and no way to get those who are trying to achieve prosperity to stop. Talking up conservation can help slow consumption a little, but only a little, and if that's your primary strategy you're going to fail.

      The only way we're going to avoid a severe climate catastrophe is through technology, finding ways to create abundance for all while also reducing carbon emissions. We may also need to apply geoengineering to mitigate the worst of the climate damage while we build the technology we need. This strategy may also fail, but it at least has a chance of working. Yours does not.

      • This strategy has always failed, and will always fail. There's no way to get people to give up their comfortable lifestyles en masse

        It's called War.

      • Prosperity Gospel is the idea that if someone has a lot of money they earned it because they have a lot of money and the world is fundamentally just and fair and wouldn't allow an evil person to obtain that much good fortune. It's the idea that God rewards the good and punishes the bad.

        There are millions of Americans who believe Donald Trump must be a genius businessman because he's wealthy and never questioned where the wealth came from. They don't know for example his grandfather ran whore houses and
      • by gweihir ( 88907 )

        We need to give up on prosperity Gospel

        This strategy has always failed, and will always fail. There's no way to get people to give up their comfortable lifestyles en masse, and no way to get those who are trying to achieve prosperity to stop.

        Well, possibly. But the consequence of that is the end of the human race in the next two centuries or so. Unless conclusively proven, I refuse to believe this cannot be done.

    • by gweihir ( 88907 )

      Yep, pretty much. Also, we need to change our lifestyles and that is where so many band together with those 20'000 against all reason.

  • Humans make mistakes and plenty of us are stupid as a brick, so it shouldn't surprise anyone that crap like this happens.

    And what was the council doing financing something without any oversight?

  • Just like a lot (i'm not saying all) recycling is just creating huge piles of recyclable material that is often just being buried. A lot of this sort of thing is for PR and saving face and is reality is not helping anything all.
  • Didn't I look environmentally friendly on that day?
    Everybody liked my pic.

  • The tree planting scheme I have seen last includes taking care of the trees by natives and regular photos. It is possible newer ones will take a similar route, even though more expensive. Then people may find it is too much bother for too small a gain and that tree planting is not a scalable solution to the climate crisis.
  • People can't really handle thinking 100 years in advance.

    Except landscape gardeners. Maybe we should put them in charge.

  • The problem is right here:

    "This open space at the edge of King's Lynn, a quiet market town in the east of England, was supposed to be a new carbon sink for Norfolk, offering 6,000 trees to tackle the climate crisis"

    What on earth is a quiet market town in the East of England doing, trying to 'tackle the climate crisis'? It has a hospital which is repeatedly in the headlines for poor performance. It has lots of deprivation and child poverty. Its education performance is at best mediocre. And all the Counc

  • A common misconception is that a planted tree must live a hundred years to sink carbon. This is false. A tree sinks carbon the moment that it shows leaves. The sequestered carbon in the tree when grown can be sequestered in lumber. The lumber is, for all practical purposes, a cheap and practically useful carbon storage mechanism.

    Generally speaking, as long as the trees are not merely burnt as fuel, nor simply cut down and left to rot (although this is less of a problem as it is prt of the natural forest cyc

    • The tree planters aren't going to let you cut down the trees for use as a building material.
      • The tree planters aren't going to let you cut down the trees for use as a building material.

        The wonderful thing about trees is that they, you know, grow. So you can cut down plenty as long as you keep planting new ones.

    • A tree sinks carbon the moment that it shows leaves.

      Yes, but for most species, a mature tree sinks much more carbon than a new one. That's because all growth occurs in the cambium, which is a thin layer beneath the bark (you might describe it as the last layer before the bark.) This obviously means that trees with larger diameter can perform more growth, and this is in fact what generally happens.

      That's why if your goal is carbon reduction, trees aren't a very good crop. Bamboo makes much more sense, because it fixes the vast majority of its carbon in its fi

    • Plant trees
      Harvest them
      Bury the wood in old coal mines
      Repeat

      There would an obvious business model here if there were a carbon tax.

      In every major metropolitan area in the US, we already have something like this.
      Trees are planted and harvested.
      They are turned into newsprint.
      The newsprint eventually ends up in landfills, which is carbon sequestration for decades.

  • Since someone didn't do it right, we shouldn't do it at all?

    I mean, I guess you're right - the money could have been pooled and put into real solutions, like nuclear power or CO2 scrubbing research.

    But barring that, how about we just plant trees at the correct depth and time of year?

    But it's clear to me that doing good wasn't ever an objective, it was just seen to be doing something.

    I know, right, that's such an unexpected outcome when using politics as a tool! It's not like a council is a political entity or anything ...

  • Yeah, sounds like they're calling charity & eco vanity projects. I think that's fair comment. I'd say the last part of TFS is spot on:

    "The most important thing is to stop burning fossil fuels. The second most important thing is conserve the nature we already have. Trying to create new nature to absorb our fossil fuel emissions is way down the list of priorities."

    I found estimates that around 7,000,000 hectares of forest are cleared each year. That puts these vanity projects into perspective. Use the money & resources more wisely to reduce our impact on the environment more effectively & efficiently. Much of that involves NOT doing things & switching to doing other things instead. The idea that we can carry on doing ha

  • "By planting the seedlings in April, instead of in winter or early spring, they never had a good chance of survival anyway. "

    April is early spring where I live. And you're not planting anything in the winter without a jack hammer.

    I'll put it down to marine west coast vs humid continental climates.

    And yes the local people should have known better.

  • Religious rituals don't always produce rain or higher crop yields.

  • This is all just pissing in the ocean. If you look at China's emissions, they are double the United States emissions and growing. All the oil and natural gas that Europe is not consuming is going to China. You could return Europe to the Stone age and it wouldn't make a difference climate wise because China would just make up the difference.

    The Data:

    https://www.instituteforenergy... [institutef...search.org]

  • You don't plant trees deeply, you barely cover the topmost roots with a couple inches of dirt. Either the roots were exposed (aka they were not even buried) or they were planted at a reasonable depth.

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