MIT Leads in Revolutionary Science, Harvard Declines 121
Bruce G Charlton writes "In three studies looking at the best institutions for 'revolutionary' science, MIT emerged as best in the world.
This contrasts with 'normal science' which incrementally-extends science in pre established directions." If you're interested in reading more about how this was determined, read more below.
"My approach has been to look at trends in the award of science Nobel prizes (Physics, Chemistry, Medicine/ Physiology and Economics — the Nobel metric) — then to expand this Nobel metric by including some similar awards. The NFLT metric adds-in Fields medal (mathematics), Lasker award for clinical medicine and the Turing award for computing science. The NLG metric is specifically aimed at measuring revolutionary biomedical science and uses the Nobel medicine, the Lasker clinical medicine and the Gairdner International award for biomedicine. MIT currently tops the tables for all three metrics: the Nobel prizes, the NFLT and the NLG. There seems little doubt it has been the premier institution of revolutionary science in the world over recent years. Also very highly ranked are Stanford, Columbia, Chicago, Caltech, Berkeley, Princeton and — in biomedicine — University of Washington at Seattle and UCSF. The big surprise is that Harvard has declined from being the top Nobel prizewinners from 1947-1986, to sixth place for Nobels; seventh for NFLT, and Harvard doesn't even reach the threshold of three awards for the biomedical NLG metric! This is despite Harvard massively dominating most of the 'normal science' research metrics (eg. number of publications and number of citations per year) — and probably implies that Harvard may have achieved very high production of scientific research at the expense of quality at the top-end."
Gatherers vs. Hunters (Score:3, Interesting)
From TFS:
I attended Harvard for Ph.D. work, and can say that there has been a feminization of science; which is characterized, above all, by a gatherer-mentality (quantity over quality).
My peers at MIT, I remember, were doing risky and testosterone-laden work; they are the hunters.
Re:Gatherers vs. Hunters (Score:5, Funny)
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STB
Read his other posts (Score:2)
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I think that saying someone is clearly prone to some behavior or another, based on their slashdot posts, is probably a hasty diagnosis based on very little evidence. People tend to post things similar to what have got good responses in the past. Saying that this will inform their opinions, or that the posts accurately reflect their opinions is (to me) a specious argument. I'd have
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Dry wit is dying art, so I shouldn't be surprised to see such literal reactions.
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I'm almost certain he's English. His tongue is firmly in cheek, and most people with exposure to English people with his level of education would recognize it at an instant. And he is happily indifferent to being misinterpreted, if his posting history is any indication.
I read based on my own experiences (of course) (Score:2)
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I love slashdot but I hate the sexism I see here from time to time. Difficult to be an IT professional and a feminist, I guess.
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And before you go off on another tirade... I worked in an office of ten where I was the only male for a year and had to listen to CONSTANT man bashing, jokes about men etc... FAR worse than I have ever heard from men about women.
It was an environment any woman would have sued over and won millions, but as I guy I had to just take it. Equality? I don't think so. I want
Re:Gatherers vs. Hunters (Score:4, Funny)
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http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/286
True, astronomy does not come into the prize metric, but her work
on dark matter is revolutionary despite requiring a lot of gathering,
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Gathers harvest non-agricultural materials, wild berries and bark fibers and such.
I think you are thinking of post-resource-aquisition fabrication.
The gender breakdown of hunters and gathers is not exclusive and fabrication is even murkier.
Re:Gatherers vs. Hunters (Score:4, Interesting)
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But that's exactly the opposite of what you n
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Re:Gatherers vs. Hunters (Score:4, Informative)
Re:Gatherers vs. Hunters (Score:5, Funny)
I disagree (Score:3, Informative)
Qualities (Score:2)
It is of course an irony that promoting "Yin" over "Yang" has become part of the agenda of many who wish to strengthen the role of women, and this appears to have come at the expense of science, and other beneficial risk-taking throughou
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Turns out you couldn't be more wrong. Much of what is male or female (hopefully you realize that these terms do not require quotes) is biological, not learned. Men's brains are more specialized compared to women's (this does not necessarily confer an advantage one way or another, but it does help, for example, to protect women from the effects of strokes). Women have better hearing. Men have better spatial vision
You're Right... (Score:2)
By using terms that are one removed from gender, it becomes easier to achieve both ends. The term describes a trait (much as Aspergers does), and despite a strong tendency to asymetrical expression between the sexes, is not exclusive to the respective sex, s
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I can't really speak to differences between the "races", since race is a very slippery term in the first place. But sex is much less so, since it is clearly identifiable genetically (in almost all cases, I'll add to cover the odd hermaphrodite here and there).
The differences between the sexes may have nothing to do with potentialities - I don't think there's enough data to keep anything but an open mind about this - but it has a lot to do with how we educate. Should classes be coed or unisex? If unisex, s
Good point (Score:2)
Humans invariably characterize categories using metrics less complicated and varied than the real phenomenology of that being categorized - something of a truism, since otherwise categories fill no conceptual role except enumeration. Humans also have strong inborn desires to gender identify* - perhaps one
Abstraction (Score:2)
Once you break the stereotypes, you realise that much of what is "male" or "female" is learnt.
Then you have kids and you realize that most of it was inate after all.
Luckily this doesn't matter. The point of abstraction is that one can look to desirable qualities for (eg.) science without approaching with the same prejudice when faced with a specific man or woman. Those who have skills in the realm of the "wrong sex" are no longer treated as being "unnatural", but rather simply as having more of the relevant qualities than is usual for their sex.
Without the abstraction, the unusually skilled will have to deal with eg. "unfemininity", implying that a woman is less o
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That really depends on where you're talking about. For a particularly entertaining example, I suggest you visit Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump [head-smashed-in.com] in Alberta, Canada. Yes, there is really a place with that name; I've been to the interpretive visitor centre there (the whole experie
MIT is best at re-appropriation. (Score:3, Informative)
Time Berner's Lee, a physicist at MIT who invented the world-wide-web
If you want to start a billion-dollar company (Score:4, Funny)
On the other hand, if you want to design a cannon that will destroy the moon, go to Caltech.
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As a Canadian going to a Canadian university, I demand to know which university this is that has dared offend the Gods of Guinness.
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Heh, UWer here too. Guess I'm not going to the Bomber next term.
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Or just go to MIT and steal it from Caltech
http://hacks.mit.edu/Hacks/by_year/2006/mitcannon
Caltech (Score:3, Insightful)
I might also consider per capita - Caltech competes very favorably despite having a much smaller pool than many of these other institutions. They've had 3 Chemistry Nobel prizes since 1990 - pretty damned good for a department of about 30 full-time faculty.
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Carnegie Mellon gets ignored... (Score:5, Insightful)
Carnegie Mellon University
1947-1966: 0
1967-1986: 3
1987-2006: 7
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1947-1966: 2
1967-1986: 8
1987-2006: 4
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And I don't buy the Nobel prize argument for a second. First of all
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> populations in many European countries that do first class research.
It should be straightforward to normalize this per capita, and see if socialism does slow down technological growth because, by providing for everybody just about everything, people lose their hunger to excel.
I mean, wouldn't it be a kick in the balls if socialism was a net detriment to society because it slowed the rate of technological growth, even just a little bit, a
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Yes, and the US has roughly two and a half times the land mass of Europe. Germany alone could fit in the single state of Montana. But, Germany has 82 million people and Montana has 902 thousand.
It is not accurate to compare the entire US to single countries in Europe. If you look at EU countries, they have a combined population of 462 million
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I think the problem with socialism is not that scientists are unmotivated - I think they're motivated more by curiousity. But socialsim (or communism) may slow down the greedy types - the businessmen - who create the capital that scientists need to work. Look at all the brilliant scientists in the Soviet Union grossly underemployed because the money to support them is not there.
A little more broadly, I do t
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WW2 was over 60 years ago. For the past 30 years, most of the scientists from that time have retired. Further, there were other advances, such as computer technology, which had nothing to do with the Germans.
What's to explain that our universities are still so much better, especially since our lower level schools have gone to shit? Are our universities doing something here that isn't done there? Hell if I kn
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Now, that's not to say that there aren't significant differences between Universities in the US and EU, and any one of those could cause the discrepancy. However, effects from even an old war
A Blog (Score:3, Insightful)
Normalized by number of profs? (Score:3, Insightful)
* Data from USNews Best Colleges 2007 listings for number of instructional faculty at both schools.
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If you include those associated with JPL (NASA's Jet Propulsion Labs), there are around 900 to 1,000 PhD's.
When I was an undergrad, there were fewer undergrads (my freshman class had 186) than PhD's on campus. There were also fewer women in my freshman class than Caltech Nobel winners...
Though I didn't RTFA... (Score:1)
Of course, I also hear about amazing things that are being done that are just as cutting edge and just as important in places such as The Cleveland Clinic.
I guess what it comes down
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Knowing that education in this country is a far cry beyond (in a general sense) many others in the world, I wouldn't expect this finding to hold
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Revolutionary (Score:1)
A few years ago, a buddy of mine, at Cal Tech, had come up with a revolutionary approach to a mathmatical issue. I won't go into it, because I didn't know enough, even then, to know why it was revolutionary.
He published, was hailed as a revolutionary thinker, and as it was said, if his discovery proved out, would blow the doors off of some sort of area of math.
Anyway, 6 months later, his revolutionary approach was reclassified as wrong. He couldn't continue. He said something about CT not being open enoug
But... (Score:2, Funny)
But revolution is a theory, not a fact!
Er, wait...
Chicago University? (Score:1)
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Oh, btw, the real fact is to get into any of these schools that will take you, then make your decision as to the school that best fits you. Not this drumbeating of unseemingly pitting one institution over another as if some prizes by committees validates one institution as more or less than another.
Well, perhaps there is still a point. I'm an engineering grad. student at MIT, and the work I'm doing is work I could have done Harvard, Stanford, Yale, etc... because, quite frankly, my work is not groundbr
Let's ignore the elephant in the closet, shall we? (Score:1, Interesting)
The SAT is taken in high school, way before any of these colleges can "work their magic".
Caltech has the pick of the high IQ (but smaller numbers of students), MIT follows, and then come the other Ivy League schools not fa
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What was slightly interesting was how they appeared to be well adjusted and sociable people, but their underlying personalities had very peculiar problems. Ie. - they were all slightly neurotic underneath, and being a high achiever was really a kind of psychological compensation. If they had to peck their way to the top through whining and argument, they would just as wel
Re:Let's ignore the elephant in the closet, shall (Score:1)
Now, I'm not saying nobody can game a good IQ test, but it's certainly harder since there isn't a million-dollar industry dedicated to teaching you how to game IQ tests.
Or, to put things much more obviously, any test used to qualify people for anything will eventually be gamed.
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The average increase in scores after retesting is a combined 30 points. That's not a lot.
And for all this supposed gaming of the SAT, the averages haven't gone up over time, and the distributions still seem rather normal at the far right of the curve. You'd expect a big bulge there if it was as easily gameable as you contend.
(The SAT was also re-centered twice, in 1995 and 2005.)
http://www.collegeboard.com/prod_downloads/about/n ews_info/cbsenior/yr2006/ [collegeboard.com]
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To combat the trend toward declining scores, the SAT was "recentered" in 1995, and the average score became again closer to 500.
In 2005, the test was changed again, largely in response to criticism by the University of California system.[citation needed] Because of issues concerning ambiguous questions, especially analogies, certain types of questions were eliminated (the analogies disappeared altogether). The test was made marginally harder, as a corrective to the rising number of perfect scores.
And for all this supposed gaming of the SAT, the averages haven't gone up over time, and the distributions still seem rather normal at the far right of the curve.
The thing in bold claims something with which the two quotations disagree. Don't ask me why.
There will always be outliers. Looks like you are one.
Yeah, I'm an outlier on nearly everything. Funny thing is, these are my sets of scores - Writing: 760, Critical Reading: 670, Math: 560; Writing: 690, Critical Reading: 780, Math: 690. More than a
Caltech vs Community College (Score:1)
Best website, as well (Score:4, Funny)
From my own personal and subjective experience, MIT has the best designed site from a usability perspective out of all the American university sites I have ever visited. I think it is seconded only by Berkeley.
A Study? (Score:3, Interesting)
How is "science" defined? (Score:1)
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Actually, MIT does sort of have one. It's just called "Brain and Cognitive Sciences". See . Not exactly pure psychology, but then again you never made it clear why a psychology department is a prereq for a medical school...
MIT and biology, haha that's funny (Score:1)
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One good reason why: (Score:2)
Once an IITian wins a Nobel ... (Score:2)
Lawrence Summers tried (Score:2)
US and the rest of the world (Score:2)
In the past 20 years, the USA has sixteen institutions which have won three or more prizes, but elsewhere in the world (Table 3) only the College de France has achieved three Nobel prizes. Since 1986 the previously Nobel-successful UK research institutions (University of Cambridge, the MRC Molecular Biology Unit at Cambridge, University of Oxford and Imperial College, London) have declined f
Nobel Prizes Are a Bad Metric (Score:2)
awards? (Score:3, Insightful)
If you're a good enough scientist to get a Nobel (or Fields, and so on...), then chances are at some point some big, well known, well paying school is going to recruit you. It doesn't take a Nobel prize for other scientists to recognize a great researcher, but recruiting someone who has already done their life's great work doesn't make you a great scientific institution.
No matter how much loyalty you may have to a particular place, there are perks at big private schools that state schools like Berkely and Michigan just can't offer. Some well known scientists stick around in smaller incubation schools, but many find that being a big fish in a little pond is just more work and doesn't pay as well.
If you're going to use awards to determine scientific worth, you need to look at where the research which won the prize was done. Of course, this would put my school off the list with a grand total of 0 Nobels. I'm sure other small universities would start moving up the list.
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An open-ended question: (Score:3, Insightful)
Why the lovefest for MIT and the Ivy Leagues?
Sure, a lot of legitimately good science has come out of Harvard and MIT. However, there's a whole slew of great science being produced at any of the other instutions in the world that gets overlooked completely, while the world goes gaga over every poorly-conceived grad project that gets conducted at the MIT Media Lab.
There's some very awesome research going on at all sorts of public institutions around the country with results that are immediately released to the public domain.
Heck... we're working on several promising leads to finding a reliable cure to Cancer, and all I hear about on the news is the horribly impractical OLPC project (their hearts are in the right place, but the project itself isn't likely to get off the ground and make a noticable impact in people's lives).
MIT and Harvard have money. Lots of money. It's no secret that the Ivy League caters to students in the upper-income brackets (and admits a few low-income students each year to look good, completely cutting out the middle classes). Exeter and Andover (two insanely expensive private High Schools in New England) combined send over 50 kids each year to Harvard. MIT's not quite as bad, but it certainly employs similar tactics by hiring high-profile faculty members. What possible reason could they have for employing RMS? The amount of useful work he's completed has dropped off exponentially as time's gone on, and he's all but abandoned GNU for some suicidal quest of self-promition.
It pains me to see Harvard graduates being rushed into high-paying jobs, whereas students from my alma-mater have a tough time even getting interviews. Perpetuating the media hype around these institutions is only going to hurt the rest of us in the long-run.
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There's some very awesome research going on at all sorts of public institutions around the country with results that are immediately released to the public domain.
I completely agree. Nobody who doesn't give a look at the USNews rankings of graduate Computer Science departments can under
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But, the much larger problem in the US is now that the public K-12 system is hopelessly mired in bureaucracy and political thinking (come on... a cabinet level post for education?), so the feedstock for the higher education system is drying up. Schools are able to attract
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Nostalgia isn't what it used to be, is it? I suppose it is harsh to pick on one specific posting when the tendency is present in many. There is a natural impulse to suppose that things were better when one was younger and because this new generation just doesn't measure up that we must certainly be headed for disaster. I'm fairly ce
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we need more immigration in Europe (Score:2)
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Do you think it's a coincidence that there's a declining birthrate when the place is so crowded that people can't get a house to raise a family in?
multiple issues re: population (Score:2)
>Britain for example has a population density that's almost unlivable
48th in the world: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_ population_density [wikipedia.org] - behind Netherlands, South Korea, Japan, India (that was a surprise to me).. busy but not impossible.
I'd suggest *population distribution* is more of an issue -too many in south east of England, quite sparse in other areas. English average population density for example is 3.77 people per hectare (Of
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The US is dire straights because we
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Re:For how long? (Score:4, Informative)
MIT's Sloan is the 4th ranked business school in the nation...
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Re:For how long? (Score:4, Funny)
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