CP/M Creator Gary Kildall's Memoirs Released As Free Download (ieee.org) 157
An anonymous reader writes from IEEE Spectrum: The year before his death in 1994, Gary Kildall -- inventor of the early microcomputer operating system CP/M -- wrote a draft of a memoir, "Computer Connections: People, Places, and Events in the Evolution of the Personal Computer Industry." He distributed copies to family and friends, but died before realizing his plans to release it as a book. This week, the Computer History Museum in Mountain View, with the permission of Kildall's children, released the first section and it is available for a free download. The rest of it, which they say did not reflect his true self, will not be made public.
Didn't reflect his true self (Score:4, Insightful)
Cool free censorship.
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Re:spoon feeding censorship? (Score:5, Insightful)
"Unfortunately Gary’s passion for life also manifested in a struggle with alcoholism, and we feel that the unpublished preface and later chapters do not reflect his true self."
Re:spoon feeding censorship? (Score:5, Insightful)
Re:spoon feeding censorship? (Score:5, Interesting)
Alcoholism and drug addiction are disease, now they are diseases where the victim is uniquely capable, positioned, and empowered to get well as compared with some like Parkinson but they are still a disease. In the sense they are a disease they make a person less than what they were mentally or physically in some way.
While drugs and alcohol can't excuse actions they way some other diseases like schizophrenia might because of the choice the 'victim' has they do explain them and they do make that person not their best self. I am not aware of Kildall having committed any serious crime or done anything out in society that we should hold against him. Mostly likely the people he hurt most thru his alcoholism were his children. If anyone is owed the 'truth' about their father its them, and if their decision is to have the rest of us rember Gary at his best, that is their choice and I think they have every right to make it.
Re: spoon feeding censorship? (Score:3)
Gibson coined the term "cyberspace" in Neuromancer, with a protagonist who battled with substance abuse. Nothing childish about that.
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"They say alcoholism is a disease, but it's the only disease you can get yelled at for having. Damnit Otto, you're an Alcoholic! Damnit Otto, you have lupus! One of those doesn't sound right." -- Mitch Hedberg
Re:spoon feeding censorship? (Score:4, Informative)
Well I think we need to further differentiate between cases where alcoholism is the disease and where its a symptom of something else. Simple alcoholism is something I believe anyone who wants to get better and over come could do so. I am not saying its easy or there are not real physical problems like withdraw, but there are known solutions to the issues.
If someone got used to drinking with their school buddies everyday and found they just could not stop so easily, I think "Dammit Otto, you're an Alcoholic!" is fair. Otto can stop drinking if we wants to badly enough, if he has a physiological response to doing that like withdraw he can get help and receive known medical treatments that work.
On the other hand alcohol is a common avenue for self medicating a variety of mental and physical illness and chronic pain conditions. That type of complex alcoholism is not so easily addressed especially if there are not reliable cures for the underlying conditions.
Re:spoon feeding censorship? (Score:5, Funny)
"They say alcoholism is a disease, but it's the only disease you can get yelled at for having.
Try catching gonorrhea sometime.
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"They say alcoholism is a disease, but it's the only disease you can get yelled at for having.
Try catching gonorrhea sometime.
Good point....but remember this is Slashdot, nobody here indulges in the activity that transmits Gonorrhea. :-)
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"They say alcoholism is a disease, but it's the only disease you can get yelled at for having.
Try catching gonorrhea sometime.
Good point....but remember this is Slashdot, nobody here indulges in the activity that transmits Gonorrhea. :-)
I have to use a doorknob from time to time. I swear that's how I caught it.
it's all about how you used the doorknob.
wrap that wrascal....
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Norway's prison system seems to consider criminal behaviour a disease to be treated. By focusing mainly on rehabilitation rather than punishment, they've achieved one of the lowest rates of recidivism in the world.
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If the children only want to see the positives, why publically state he struggled with alcoholism at all?
Perhaps they stopped publication of those parts because they ignored the alcoholism.
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There's an old saying that I've found to be quite true: "A drunk man's words are a sober man's thoughts.".
Alcohol takes away inhibitions and the fear of consequences, but it doesn't radically alter the things you're already feeling inside. Some people get angry, some people are happy when when drunk. Some people after enough drinks will break down and cry at the drop of a hat. Still, it's basically their inner self that they normally keep hidden that they just can't keep under wraps.
What he wrote while d
Re:spoon feeding censorship? (Score:4, Insightful)
Alcohol takes away inhibitions and the fear of consequences, but it doesn't radically alter the things you're already feeling inside.
I've known people who get violent when they're drunk. Hell, it's happened to me. Doesn't mean a propensity for violence is part of your "true self." Generally, people who lash out at their friends when they're drunk usually feel ashamed of it the next day.
Alcohol alters your thinking. Some of the ways it alters it might be positive. Others, not so much. True, it doesn't take your entire personality away and turn you into a different person, so of course the things you think when you're drunk will be your own thoughts, and the things you say will be things that only you would think up. But to say that drinking reveals your inner self is a romantic notion -- the kind of thing that wannabe musicians and failed novelists cling to -- that doesn't jibe with reality.
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...yes, but that doesn't mean what he wrote under the influence of alcohol represented his true self, any more than driving under the influence of alcohol represents your true driving ability.
Agreed.
Furthermore, chronic alcoholism results in brain damage and eventually dementia. After some time, chronic alcoholics cannot control their actions anymore than someone experiencing senile dementia. Large and horrific personality changes can occur.
The things they may say in the last 2% of their lives may not be rational, and often in no way accurately represent their thoughts in the previous 98% of their life.
Re:spoon feeding censorship? (Score:4)
His not getting the IBM PC OS deal was probably a huge blow to him. MS-DOS was in many ways based on CP/M but with some improvements for normal people like using copy instead of pip. It also suffered with many of the warts of CP/M like using the slash for switches. Kildall was from all I heard a great guy but just was not ready for the microcomputer industry to big business. Bill Gates was ready to work the IBM way and eventually beat IBM. Kildall proves the old saying settlers get rich pioneers get massacred.
Look at the history Altar, Commodore, Atari, Tandy/Radio Shack, and Sinclair are all gone from the computer industry. Only Apple survived and that was a miracle. They managed to keep a high priced system alive for a very long time without a lot of business users.
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His not getting the IBM PC OS deal was probably a huge blow to him.
Hmm, and who's to blame for that? IBM approached him first, after all.
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His wife. The IBM representatives freaked her out, all those people in cheap suits -- she thought they were federal agents trying to gain entrance and would subsequently discover the pot stash, putting her and her husband in prison.
Paranoia, it isn't healthy.
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That is one of the many myths the other was that he was out flying his plane when they came. The real story was that IBM wanted digital research to sign a bunch of NDAs before they would even talk to them and Kildall asked why and they walked. At that time when IBM wants to make a deal with you it was unwise to ask questions.
Comment removed (Score:5, Informative)
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As you say, Kildall stole the 'API' from VMS fair and square. How dare anybody else turn around and steal it from him.
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CP/M's API was not a copy of VMS. It was influenced by TOPS-10 but the APIs where probably just a small subset.
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"The only major things that were the API (which was deprecated in 2.x anyway), and, because of the API, the file system had some limitations (drive letters, 8.3 file names) that were similar to CP/M's."
Ummm..... So just the APIs and file system????
Yea....
And version 2.x.....
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> MS-DOS was seriously unlike CP/M in almost every way.
MS-DOS 1 was almost identical to CP/M in almost every way.
The structure of BIOS, BDOS, CCP was copied (though for the IBM PC the BIOS was just a stub to the PC's built in BIOS) and the overwriting and reloading of COMMAND.COM was cloned form CP/M's CCP. The API was almost identical, the PSP was a clone of CP/M's first 256 bytes including FCBs. The program structure (only .COMs in MS-DOS 1.x) was the same as CP/Ms .COMs.
The only significant difference
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The program APIs were practically identical making ports of 8-bit CP/M programs trivial. Even the file control block structures were the same.
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Because the first bit rings true and natural for someone technical and bright.
I guess Seymour Cray had the same issues when business and money got in the way of technical elegance. Seymour Cray proved genius cannot be replaced with a team . Yet when things have to scale up - boards do make mistakes.
Examples: DEC - The real Hewlett Packard, and the bright people who coded for the first Apple PC. And Japanese CPU designers, along with AMD.
While certain politicians and Judges think they are remembered for bril
The truth will set you free (Score:5, Insightful)
Kidall was a giant influence on computing. When they say not his true self, they are I presume referring to the melancholy he fell into after the IBM deal crashed and burned. Many of us have to deal with professional failure sooner or later (What young grasshopper? You think you're immortal and Einstein and will be the next Apple? You have some soul breaking lessons ahead of you in life....) Learning about Kidall's journey could help others. Denying it doesn't help anyone, or take away from who Kidall was. It makes him more human. Only the truth can set you free [wikipedia.org].
Cue 300 posts about fateful IBM CP/M DOS day. Gates "Winners" version is widely accepted but that doesn't mean it's true. Journalists have looked closely into it and found there are so many different stories by those involved, inconsistencies and foggy memories that no one knows what really happened. Think unreliability of eyewitness testimony. Now add an Olympic size swimming pool of ego.
Re:The truth will set you free (Score:5, Funny)
In unrelated news, Bill Gates is set to release his own memoirs in a few days.
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Why are you talking about it as if it's some sort of nebulous conspiracy?
It's pretty clear what happened. IBM was looking for an OS for their new microcomputer. CP/M was the industry standard and the obvious choice, but IBM didn't want to be stuck in the position of paying licensing fees eternal for the OS running on _their_ hardware. Microsoft were a new, up-and-coming company at the time who had seen quite a bit of success commercially with BASIC. Microsoft offered to essentially knock off CP/M, sell it o
A redacted memoir then, bad headline. (Score:2)
So this is a redacted memoir then. Slashdot headline seems to be somewhat misleading if they *for some uknown reason* cherry picked out details from the memoir.
It's already out there (Score:4, Insightful)
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I doubt it is even a large percentage never mind most.
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Government privatizes some censorship (Score:2)
Censorship only applies when it's done by the Government.
Civil and criminal penalties for copyright infringement are enforced, well, by the Government.
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Censorship only applies when it's done by the Government. You made a common mistake.
No, anyone who restricts information is engaged in censorship. It may or may not be wrong, and it may or may not be legal, but it's still censorship.
Troubled Geniuses (Score:1)
Phil Katz, this guy, Andre Hedrick, Reiser, that racist Debian guy ... what's the deal with high performing IT people and self-destructive behavior?
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"I am so good at writing terse computer code, therefore I am right on every other subject as well."
Re: Troubled Geniuses (Score:1)
You make a million dollars a year and yet you're on Slashdot bashing programmers? Sounds like you have some emotional problems that money isn't solving.
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what's the deal with high performing IT people and self-destructive behavior?
The vast majority of high performing IT people don't exhibit self-destructive behaviour and therefore don't make the headlines.
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Something that is of no significance yet obnoxiously distracting.
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FTFY.
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Don't worry (Score:2)
The rest is just a rant about MS-DOS (Score:2)
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DOS was written in just three months and has a lot of similarities to CP/M. Do you honestly think DOS was created without copying interfaces and APIs from CP/M?
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Tim Paterson himself says DOS implements the same Application Program Interface (API) as CP/M. [blogspot.com]
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and VMS.
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Yes, and in the blog post you link to, he explains he did so in order to maintain "translation compatibility" so that code written for CP/M (8-bit OS) could be recompiled to work with DOS (16-bit) without having to update every call to the operating system. The implementation of the APIs differ entirely in *how* they accomplish the same task; he illustrates with an example of "open a file for writing".
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> Tim Paterson himself says
I find that article somewhat self serving. For example he says:
"""Digital Research (DRI), should have sued for copyright infringement and DOS would be dead."""
In fact they were preparing to and they showed IBM some evidence by getting PC-DOS 1.0 to display a DRI copyright notice. Now this actually may have been in some utility rather than from the core OS, but it was enough to get IBM to pay a settlement, rewrite parts of PC-DOS (supplied back to MS to create MS-DOS 1.1
Kildall was a great guy, but perhaps myopic (Score:3)
I liked Gary Kildall. He was a pioneer in the business-oriented microcomputer world. The first computer I owned was a Heathkit H-89 and it ran CP/M. It was an operating system geared more towards business, with a number of compilers, and applications like SuperCalc and VisiCalc available for it. In the late 70's to mid 80's it dominated the business microcomputer market and was very nearly a universal operating system among those kinds of machines.
Given the popularity of CP/M and the growing microcomputer market, it is understandable that Kildall would feel confident in how things were going. However, I wonder if he was not a little myopic. I think that IBM could see right away that their customers would not want to use their PCs as merely stand-alone tools, but as a device that would talk to the mainframe and mini computers. It probably did not matter much to IBM where the PC OS came from, so long as it could do the job. Since they had a veritable monopoly in business class machines, they could plop down whatever they wanted on customers' desks and their customers would buy it as long as it worked.
Was Gary screwed by Microsoft? Yes, to some extent, I think so. However, he had ample opportunity to recognize the potential of working with IBM and to capitalize on it. He made a poor choice. I would like to read his memoirs to get an idea if he was as myopic as I suspect him to have been.
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> I liked Gary Kildall.
I don't. HIs retarded 8.3 filenames (in 1973) when Apple DOS had 30 character filenames (WITH spaces) back in 1978 set back the industry 22 years. i.e. It took MS until 1995 to support long filenames. If we was smart he would have supported 15 character filenames pascal style: The preceding nibble (or byte) would be the string length.
--
Hindsight is 20/20.
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So it's his fault for not copying somebody else who did something 5 years in the future, and then somebody else copied him for the next 20.
Wow.
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You completely missed the point.
He lacked vision, (let alone intelligence, awareness and knowledge.)
Anyone designing a file systems asks basic engineering questions:
* What's the use case?
* What's the maximum filename length a user would like?
* If we're going to be stuck with this thing for years how long should filenames be?
This isn't rocket science, just basic computer science. You can see the complete clusterfuck of idiotic design in the various OS File System Comparisons [wikipedia.org]
Instead of picking something reas
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He was creating an operating system for a microcomputer -- something running on an 8-bit processor like the Intel 8080 or Zilog Z-80. There was a memory limit of 64K, and early on that 64K was expensive. I mean, if you had the equivalent of a few thousand dollars, in today's money, you could buy a Heathkit H-8 kit, and put it together, and you might be able to afford a 116K machine. If you could also afford a diskette drive, it was probably a hard-sectored, single-sided drive and the diskettes held 90K o
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> something running on an 8-bit processor like the Intel 8080 or Zilog Z-80. There was a memory limit of 64K, and early on that 64K was expensive.
> I encourage you to read up on how these old disk systems worked, so that you can understand why someone might limit the size of file names.
As someone who has *used* those 8-bit computers since the early 80's I'm quite intimate with the details of how all those old DOS's worked -- CP/M, DOS3.3, ProDOS. I'm even writing my own DOS for my 6502 Apple //e, //c
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> because it limits file writing to a single file at any one time
How do you write to more then one file a time when there is only one disk head ???
> because you ignored the effects of the 'EX' value.
> This requires that there be up to 32 directory entries for a large file.
Which is fucking stupid. Why the fuck would a large file mean there is LESS room in the directory for files on a disk ?!?!
> 8.3 is perfectly adequte for the use by the types of software that CP/M was used for
Where adequate me
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> Filenames of that size, or shorter, were usual at that time, even with mainframes. Floppy disk drives were 256Kb or less, memory was 64Kb or less.
I'm calling shenanigans. Unix V6FS (1972) had 14 character files, while CP/M (1974) had 8.3.
> Long filenames would have had an impact on system usability.
And your proof is where?
Long filenames had zero impact on usability.
Short filenames hindered people for 22+ years.
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The IBM PC was not seen as a strategic move. It was pretty much what an IBM division could put together on a low budget, to cash in on the new and potentially lucrative microcomputer market. It was obviously not going to replace real computers, and if the customer wanted to talk to the mainframe they could buy 3270 terminals (IBM later had PCs that doubled as 3270 terminals). There was no sort of strategic vision at first that said where the IBM PC would fit in. Initially, much PC software ran slower t
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That is an ... interesting ... take on history.
The actual reason that IBM did not do the PC in-house was because they were scared. Apple had made a big splash and was getting attention, but even worse, it was penetrating corporate America -- IBM's exclusive reserve. Due to predatory practices (the term FUD originates from IBM) it was often not possible to use corporate funds to buy an apple computer. But they were still popping up due to discretionary or personal funds. A lot of this was attributed to sprea
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You could even argue that what runaway success the Amiga did have can be attributed not to the machine itself, but to the Video Toaster.
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Sure, but we're talking about IBM's projections for the PC, not what other people were able to do with it.
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first computer... (Score:1)
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I'd like to see it all (Score:5, Interesting)
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I had a small business that resold CP/M. I'd done an implementation for the Northstar Horizon.
I'll have you know that I should in fact have a copy of your implementation, in one of the cupboards in my room, good sir. I used to boot up my Horizons from time to time, in recent years. The hobby lost some steam since my son was born (no time).
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I hope you do have my CP/M. I was the first one to support 80 track drives and offered some options like opposing sides of the floppy and double stepping to read 40 track media in an 80 track drive. S.A.I.L. CP/M. I can't believe I still remember any of that! :-)
Do you remember that the Horizon floppies (and drives) are hard-sectored? That has certainly caused me some headaches back when I started my hobby, as hard sectored floppies are like hen's teeth.