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Google's New 'Plus Codes' Are An Open Source, Global Alternative To Street Addresses (9to5google.com) 183

Google has developed a "simple and consistent addressing system that works across India and globally." Called "Plus Codes," the location-based digital addressing system is designed for people with addresses that are not easily located through conventional descriptors like street names or house numbers. That's half of the world's urban population, according to a World Bank estimate. 9to5Google reports: Notably, this open source solution composed of 10 characters works globally and can be incorporated by other products and platforms for free, with a developer page available here. It works offline and on print when overlaid as a grid on existing maps. Places that are close together share similar plus codes, while the system is identifiable by the "+" symbol in every address. "This system is based on dividing the geographical surface of the Earth into tiny 'tiled areas,' attributing a unique code to each of them," reports Google. "This code simply comprises a '6-character + City' format that can be generated, shared and searched by anyone -- all that's needed is Google Maps on a smartphone."

The first four characters are the area code, describing a region of roughly 100 x 100 kilometers. The last six characters are the local code, describing the neighborhood and the building, an area of roughly 14 x 14 meters -- about the size of one half of a basketball court. The area code is not needed when navigating within a town, while another optional character can be appended to provide additional accuracy down to a 3 x 3 meter region. Users of Google Maps in India will be able to easily find the plus code for any area in the app, while the mapping service along with Search will support the entry of the new coordinate system. Plus codes for any location can also be found with this tool.

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Google's New 'Plus Codes' Are An Open Source, Global Alternative To Street Addresses

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  • Not invented here (Score:5, Insightful)

    by bohmt ( 900463 ) on Wednesday March 14, 2018 @05:04AM (#56257723)
    So they reinvented the Maidenhead locator system.
    • by Anonymous Coward on Wednesday March 14, 2018 @05:11AM (#56257733)

      Not to mention what3words location

      • by Anonymous Coward on Wednesday March 14, 2018 @06:23AM (#56257943)

        https://github.com/google/open-location-code/wiki/Evaluation-of-Location-Encoding-Systems

      • Not to mention what3words location

        This is nothing like what3words where codes with small variations are likely to be on different continents. For example "hers.post.back" is in Kent, England and "hers.spot.back" is in Tennessee USA. Actually I have trouble figuring out just what what3words is good for.

        Google's system only took 6 characters to locate the entrance to my building on Google maps and 8 characters to locate the entrance to a local shopping mall. I mention the mall because yesterday I saw a man collapsed on the floor inside and pe

        • by Askmum ( 1038780 )

          Google's system only took 6 characters to locate the entrance to my building on Google maps and 8 characters to locate the entrance to a local shopping mall. I mention the mall because yesterday I saw a man collapsed on the floor inside and people calling the ambulance. This would have been a compact way to specify which of the many entrances was closest to the patient.

          If you know your location (you have to, in able for Google maps to give a Plus Code) you can also communicate that. It is just like what3words, it is an extra translation from data you already have. The implied benefits are only attained with extra hardware that make the system redundant because by having that extra hardware you can do it without this translation anyway.

    • by Anonymous Coward

      Or MGRS...

    • Re:Not invented here (Score:5, Informative)

      by SmilingBoy ( 686281 ) on Wednesday March 14, 2018 @06:21AM (#56257933)

      Yes, and a few other location coding systems are similar as well. However, Google have their reasons for creating a new system. You can find their evaluation of the various systems explained here:

      https://github.com/google/open... [github.com]

      • by Anonymous Coward on Wednesday March 14, 2018 @06:38AM (#56257975)

        Yes, and a few other location coding systems are similar as well. However, Google have their reasons for creating a new system. You can find their evaluation of the various systems explained here:

        https://github.com/google/open... [github.com]

        That write-up is pretty much a perfect case study of the classic xkcd comic "There are 14 competing standards" [xkcd.com].

        • by swillden ( 191260 ) <shawn-ds@willden.org> on Wednesday March 14, 2018 @10:44AM (#56259365) Journal

          Yes, and a few other location coding systems are similar as well. However, Google have their reasons for creating a new system. You can find their evaluation of the various systems explained here:

          https://github.com/google/open... [github.com]

          That write-up is pretty much a perfect case study of the classic xkcd comic "There are 14 competing standards" [xkcd.com].

          Only if you don't understand the comic, or don't understand the write-up, or both.

          The point of the comic is that there are a whole bunch of standards and the idea is to invent a single new standard to replace them all. Which doesn't work, and just adds to the pile of standards.

          The point of the plus codes writeup is to evaluate the existing standards to see if any of them meets the requirements of one particular set of use cases. Since it's determined that no existing standard does the job, a new one is created, not to replace the others but to address the requirements at hand.

        • by rsborg ( 111459 )

          Yes, and a few other location coding systems are similar as well. However, Google have their reasons for creating a new system. You can find their evaluation of the various systems explained here:

          https://github.com/google/open... [github.com]

          That write-up is pretty much a perfect case study of the classic xkcd comic "There are 14 competing standards" [xkcd.com].

          However, given the sheer power of Google and ubiquity of GMaps, it will prevail. It also has a bunch of benefits over all the other options, most of which don't necessarily tie it to Maps.

          I for one welcome our new Plus-sized overlords.

      • Re: (Score:3, Informative)

        by Anonymous Coward

        Ugh. There are already too many, they even didn't include MGRS or GARS. See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_Grid_Reference_System for example. I don't see any improvements of this system over other systems

        • I use MGRS all the time, but for a 1 meter area, Google's system is four characters shorter. Not that I'm promoting it, just saying it is as precise with 10 compared to 14 with MGRS.

        • "I don't see any improvements of this system over other systems"

          This one works with Google Earth and Maps.
          That's reason enough.

      • by Anonymous Coward on Wednesday March 14, 2018 @07:32AM (#56258181)

        Major reason being: Now you need a smartphone with google maps. Google is no longer optional to your life.

        Plusgoogle. Next up: Doubpleplusgoogle, it'll be the new "2.0".

        • by Jeremi ( 14640 )

          Major reason being: Now you need a smartphone with google maps.

          The assumption is that most everyone will have (or at least, have access to) a smart phone anyway. Given the way things are going, that's not such a bad assumption.

          As for needing Google Maps, that would be true if the system was proprietary, but since it's open-source, any organization can use it independently -- neither using Google sofwware nor accessing Google servers is required.

        • That's why I tend to trust Apple much more than Google for my consumer products.

          Apple is not an advertising platform -- they're selling me 'ol fashioned hardware (with a huge markup) with the understanding that they're up-front about their business model. You buy a Google Pixel2 and you're still paying for hardware, but also signing up for their spyware "services" -- to sell you personalized ads at best, and a "helpful" older male sibling at worst.

        • by Ungrounded Lightning ( 62228 ) on Wednesday March 14, 2018 @06:45PM (#56262415) Journal

          Major reason being: Now you need a smartphone with google maps. Google is no longer optional to your life.

          And that gives Google access to essentially everything on your smartphone (as I just discovered when trying to shut down some unwanted apps.)

          Google Maps itself claims it only needs permission for "your location". Reasonable, you'd think.

          But disable Google Play Services and Google Maps starts complaining about how it "won't work unless you enable" it. So it has an unannounced (until you break it) proprietary pipe to the other app.

          Google Play Services wants permissions for:
            - Body Sensors,
            - Calendar,
            - Camera,
            - Contacts,
            - Microphone,
            - Phone,
            - SMS, and
            - Storage
          (and you EXPECT it to be "phoning home" to google.) Combine that with Maps' permission to
            - your location
          and you've got quite the collection of information on you that you've just given Google's app framework permission to report to Google and/or modify.

          Seems to me the android Apps -> Permissions interface, by not calling out the other apps that a given app communicates with, along with THEIR permissions, nor refusing an app permission to talk to another with additional permissions, is deceptive and gives false confidence.

      • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

        Didn't click the link, not expecting to find "we wanted our own snowflake system that does exactly what we want, and is less useful outside our organization than existing standards that may already be in use"

        Plus, if they expect this to take over for street addresses such as the headline suggests, they should think again. "Oh, it's on Walnut Street, just past 5th" is far more useful than "Oh, it's at CMXR+X6" which has everyone scrambling for Google Maps just to decode what the fuck you just said.

        • Didn't click the link, not expecting to find "we wanted our own snowflake system that does exactly what we want, and is less useful outside our organization than existing standards that may already be in use"

          Plus, if they expect this to take over for street addresses such as the headline suggests, they should think again. "Oh, it's on Walnut Street, just past 5th" is far more useful than "Oh, it's at CMXR+X6" which has everyone scrambling for Google Maps just to decode what the fuck you just said.

          It's more useful than a US Zip Code because it is more precise. (and more logical). There are different uses for either system. A computer would find CMXR+X6 more useful, but a human who is looking for your house will find the street address more useful (actually, ideally, a human would want both)- get in the ballpark with maps and the code and then the address so they can confirm visually when they see your house.

        • No, Google think this would be a useful system in parts in developing countries with less formal address systems. For example, there are 1 million inhabitants in Kathmandu, but the majority of the roads have no names and there are also no street numbers. So when you send a parcel, you don't need to describe it as "past the ABC Hostel, then third street on the right; the house next to the large birch tree". I think the criteria they set are quite sensible, but many of them are indeed fulfilled by the Maid

          • Re:Not invented here (Score:4, Informative)

            by tlhIngan ( 30335 ) <slashdot&worf,net> on Wednesday March 14, 2018 @12:44PM (#56260345)

            No, Google think this would be a useful system in parts in developing countries with less formal address systems. For example, there are 1 million inhabitants in Kathmandu, but the majority of the roads have no names and there are also no street numbers. So when you send a parcel, you don't need to describe it as "past the ABC Hostel, then third street on the right; the house next to the large birch tree". I think the criteria they set are quite sensible, but many of them are indeed fulfilled by the Maidenhead Locator System already. Whether it is worth it to create a new system just for the few additional criteria (e.g. "does not spell words"), I am not sure.

            No, ti's because there's no standard on addressing, period.

            Even in the developed world there are places without street names [youtube.com] but every location is well specified. (Basically there all buildings are on a coordinate system so you're really just giving effectively an (x, y) coordinate to get the building)..

            Also, it's to avoid the mojibake [wikipedia.org] scenarios when alternative character sets are used

          • They might have no english names on google maps. But most certainly they have names. Worst case you have to make a photo of the sanskrit name and draw it on the parcel or envelop if you want to sent mail.

        • by eth1 ( 94901 )

          ... which has everyone scrambling for Google Maps just to decode what the fuck you just said.

          And here you've just found the REAL reason Google created this system.

        • by gmack ( 197796 )

          Plus, if they expect this to take over for street addresses such as the headline suggests, they should think again. "Oh, it's on Walnut Street, just past 5th" is far more useful than "Oh, it's at CMXR+X6" which has everyone scrambling for Google Maps just to decode what the fuck you just said.

          That doesn't work everywhere. Many countries have streets without names. in fact even my hometown in Canada had two [google.ca] streets [google.ca] they gave names to for no other reason that emergency services needed to find them. In Costa Rica for instance, not all major streets even have names and there are no house numbers making the entire country a confusing mess for even the locals.

      • Doesn't even mention the Canadian Postal Code, which seems to satisfy nearly all of google's requirements. Add two more characters, and it would satisfy, I think, each and every single one.

        • Can you elaborate? Canadian Postal Codes seem to work the same way as postal codes in other countries. For example, if I want to specify a specific point somewhere in a large forest, there would not be a postal code for this. I don't think there would is a simple algorithm that transforms longitude and latitude to Canadian Postal Codes. In a nutshell, not at all like the open location codes.

          • Specifically, Canadian postal codes are not geographic, but nothing's stopping the algorithm from being so. The first character denotes (roughly) the province, from east to west. The rest is the postal delivery route -- which means my neighbours to the left and to the right are identical or off by a single number, whereas the neighbour behind me (on a different street) is off by two characters. While not "geographic" in spatial terms, it's geographic by postal route, which is (obviously) by street. So fo

    • by Chrisq ( 894406 )
      Or mapcode [mapcode.com], which has enough accuracy to inentify individual houses
  • by guruevi ( 827432 ) on Wednesday March 14, 2018 @05:12AM (#56257735)

    3x3m is your average NYC apartment or Indian slum house, you also need to encode elevation and room/apartment numbers in many cases since you could have your code shared by many tenants both in the same plane as well as vertically.

    Also, encode up to 1x1m if this is going to be useful for any modern delivery methods (eg robot truck or drone).

    • by gl4ss ( 559668 ) on Wednesday March 14, 2018 @07:37AM (#56258195) Homepage Journal

      look if it just gets 10 meters then thats okay.

      it would work for ordering mcdonalds or whatever. in thailand most roads don't have names on the maps and some roads have different number on here maps vs. google maps. openstreetmaps. it's really fucking annoying. the local mcdonalds operation has a map where you can put in your location... .... but it turns it into a street address that possibly points to 10 km away. ..so instead of explaining just an address, they will call you up and you need to have someone local to explain basically where the place is and even then it's a crapshoot if they understand which gas station they're meant to turn at.

      • by Malc ( 1751 )

        We don't need street names in the UK, just building number and post code. I can see that this Google proposal could physically locate something more quickly, especially given how inaccurate Google Maps can be.

      • by guruevi ( 827432 )

        It depends, perhaps in Thailand but for something to be used it needs to work universally. I can see the usage of the model for eg. drone deliveries across the world, you tell Amazon ship my package to 5N33-1337, I'm in Thailand, now ship to 413Z-4421 relatively more easy to remember and communicate than GPS coordinates but it needs to be useful enough to land my drone, 10m is the difference between a landing spot, a crash or my neighbor.

        • That is because you don't know the tricks.
          You would not memorize the exact position, but longitude/latitude seperately from minutes and second.
          And of course you would use minutes and seconds and not decimal places after the degree.
           

      • That is a problem with google maps and Apple maps, too.
        Of course the streets have names, they are written on the small metal rectangles nailed to eother posts or the house walls at the beginning of the street.
        However I agree, the guys making the delievery have the same problem like you, their maps apps don't show the street names correctly or not at all.

  • News...? (Score:5, Informative)

    by Richard_at_work ( 517087 ) on Wednesday March 14, 2018 @05:27AM (#56257777)

    Google developed the Open Location Code in 2014, and it's been part of Google Maps since 2015...

  • So... (Score:5, Informative)

    by YuppieScum ( 1096 ) on Wednesday March 14, 2018 @05:27AM (#56257779) Journal
    ...very like What3Words [what3words.com] then, which is already used by the postal services of seven countries ...

    Oblig. XKCD reference [xkcd.com]
    • Re:So... (Score:5, Informative)

      by ma++i+ude ( 580592 ) on Wednesday March 14, 2018 @05:37AM (#56257805) Homepage
      ...except that w3w codes are deliberately distinct for geographically close squares, and designed so they'd be easy to share and sanity check e.g. over the phone. Sure, both are trying to solve the problem of precise locations, especially in places where addresses don't exist, but with very different emphases. Also note that the w3w algorithm and word database are proprietary.
    • by swell ( 195815 )

      This seems to be the same three word system created by Chris Sheldrick and discussed last year on a TED talk. He describes the rationale behind it and how it is currently being used in remote areas. The three word concept is nice in that words are easy to remember, but those words are meaningless as a guide to where the location is. Latitude/longitude are the opposite. Google's system somewhere in between.

      https://www.ted.com/talks/chri... [ted.com]

      • by mikael ( 484 )

        There are also Gray Codes - normally those are used for weather vanes and anything that rotates and needs to avoid errors due to signal nose.. In theory, you could have a global coordinate system using these. The Manhattan distance between two coordinate is simply the number of bits that change, but if you want accurate distance, the regular GPS coordinates are better.

        UK has 7 digit post codes. These identify a small area, such as a block of apartments or row of houses, but you still need to specify the bui

  • by Terje Mathisen ( 128806 ) on Wednesday March 14, 2018 @05:38AM (#56257807)

    First obvious reference would be the UTM map coordinate system which also works off 100x100 km squares, here we use 6, 8, 10 or even more digits to designate any spot on the globe, to any desired accuracy/precision. (6 digits typically give you 100x100m squares, 8 digits 10x10m and with 10 digits you have a single square meter.) This system have been used in the military for a _long_ time now.

    Next we have the What3Words idea which have already been mentioned, giving approximately 3x3m resolution using 3 english-language words which makes it much easier to memorize or send to someone else.

    Terje

    • by rsborg ( 111459 )

      First obvious reference would be the UTM map coordinate system which also works off 100x100 km squares, here we use 6, 8, 10 or even more digits to designate any spot on the globe, to any desired accuracy/precision. (6 digits typically give you 100x100m squares, 8 digits 10x10m and with 10 digits you have a single square meter.) This system have been used in the military for a _long_ time now.

      Next we have the What3Words idea which have already been mentioned, giving approximately 3x3m resolution using 3 english-language words which makes it much easier to memorize or send to someone else.

      Terje

      I personally find my W3W code to be awesome, but it's very confusing - after being assigned the code, I searched and there were 2 others that popped up on the search - one across the country and another in a different continent.

      If someone got my W3W wrong, my package or whatever would be going very far away.

      Maybe W3W would be a good supplement to an actual mailing address but sucks for places where there is no street name or the street name itself is super-confusing (e.g. Springfield city).

    • by mikael ( 484 )

      Convert those into barcodes and put them on street signs using invisible ink. Conspiracy theory nuts used to think the maintenance bar codes at the back of street signs were some kind of geo-location code for the army to take people to the nearest FEMA camps when GPS wasn't working.

  • It's a shame they haven't adopted what3words (https://www.ted.com/talks/chris_sheldrick_a_precise_three_word_address_for_every_place_on_earth) instead - Easily rememberable addresses like "blocks.evenly.breed", vs "F26X+9F Gurugram" as a Plus Code.

    • Re:what3words (Score:4, Insightful)

      by SmilingBoy ( 686281 ) on Wednesday March 14, 2018 @06:16AM (#56257919)

      Disagree. What3Words is proprietary. Something like this needs to be open source really. And whilst w3w may have the advantage of being easily remembered, you cannot tell whether two addresses are close-by. I also don't think it works well across languages as every location has a different name in different languages - the words are not translated but completely different words are used in different languages.

    • by Z00L00K ( 682162 )

      They could have used the ham radio locator [qthlocator.free.fr] instead of inventing yet another locator tool.

  • gps coordinates (Score:2, Interesting)

    by Anonymous Coward

    A quick run through wolfram alpha converting gps coordinates to base 36

    4z.zzz = 179.999978

    4z.zzy = 179.999957

    Difference = 0.000021 degrees

    At the equator, 1 degree = 111320m longitude and 110575m latitude (based on a quick google) which makes the 5 digit base36 encoded gps coordinates accurate to within a 2.5m x 2.5m box at the equator, and a much smaller box closer to the poles.

    That's within the 3m x 3m area that google's new thingo does. Drop the decimal (or base-36al) points, and you have your character s

    • If I was creating a new system, I'd definitely avoid having both a lowercase L and a 1 valid at the same positions.
    • Yeah, but if you make it simple and based on what everyone uses today, you don't get to put out a press release about how your new standard for doing things that there's already at least 5 standards for is so shiny and spiffy.

      They're solving problems that already have solutions, dammit! Stop making sense!

  • Comment removed (Score:4, Interesting)

    by account_deleted ( 4530225 ) on Wednesday March 14, 2018 @06:20AM (#56257927)
    Comment removed based on user account deletion
    • by tomhath ( 637240 )
      They are an alternative to addresses when an address (i.e. PO box or house number, street, and city) doesn't exist.

      Google created “Plus Codes” for addresses that are not easily located through conventional descriptors like street names or house numbers. In fact, according to a World Bank estimate, half of the world’s urban population lives on unnamed streets.

  • I have a map of the United States... Actual size. It says, "Scale: 1 mile = 1 mile." I spent last summer folding it. I also have a full-size map of the world. I hardly ever unroll it. People ask me where I live, and I say, "E6".
    -- Steven Wright

  • After spending a significant amount of time in Korea and Portugal I applaud this because some people simply do not know where they live. Sure they can give shitty directions like head south on the roundabout where Tonyâ(TM)s restaurant (which of course has no signage) then go down a ways and take a left but donâ(TM)t even know the name of their street or building number. Thank you google now roll this shit out globally asap
    • I think they only talked about India because that's where it's most relevant to the urban population. Send a postcard to 87J8FPCW+HF sometime. :V
  • by Tomahawk ( 1343 ) on Wednesday March 14, 2018 @07:12AM (#56258089) Homepage

    This is much better than the Irish eircode system...

    With eircode, each dwelling get's their own 'postcode'. This means that in an apartment block, each individual apartment has it's own postcode. Which is nice.
    But... they went to great strides to ensure that your neighbours have a completely different eircode. The codes are 'random' in order to ensure this. So it means that if someone sends you something but they wrote the code down marginally incorrect, your package will be delivered to someone several km away and not to your neighbours.

    It also means that you need to either have (and have to buy) a copy of the ever-updating database locally, or have online access in order to lookup the eircode to see where you are going. And if you need to look up many of them, they'll charge you.

    *sigh*

    At least Google added them to maps. But they aren't a very well thought out system. This Plus system makes a lot more sense.

  • So, it's yet another rectangular grid system. They have their uses, but street addresses are not one of those uses, and the areas where it is useful already have their own grid systems.

    A long string of letters and numbers is not easily memorised. There's no mnemonic aspect to it. We're wasting a lot of bandwidth since a large number of grids exist entirely in the ocean, and we get a huge number in the arctic and antarctic despite the very low population density in these regions. Regions by the borders of
  • Shoot, just let skynet get it over with. Implant GPS devices in every human being and be done with it.
  • by known_coward_69 ( 4151743 ) on Wednesday March 14, 2018 @07:27AM (#56258155)

    google just reinvented what the military has done for decades. they even have math equations to convert grids to GPS coordinates and back the other way

    • by Scarred Intellect ( 1648867 ) on Wednesday March 14, 2018 @08:13AM (#56258361) Homepage Journal
      Yup, MGRS: Military Grid Reference System. Used by NATO, actually. If I recall correctly, 4 digit is 1000m x 1000m, 6 digit is 100m x 100m, and your 10 digit is 1m x 1m.

      I guess MGRS isn't "cool" enough. "Plus codes" are "hip" and "cool" or whatever the kids are saying these days.

      • Does MGRS consistently provide similar codes for nearby areas? Can you give an 8-digit code to get 10x10, or are you stuck at that more awkward jump?
        • Yes, I left it out for brevity. Thought it would be understood. Theoretically, you can go to 12, 14, 16, etc....can even go down as low as 2 digit if you really want to.
          • Interesting. I wonder if there's a reason they didn't just put this in Google maps. Is it possible that it being a military system means they'd need permission or something? Also, does GMRS avoid easily confused characters?

            I saw in another thread that plus codes apparently get more precision out of fewer characters. That would make it easier to memorize.
            • Perhaps. I've not looked into it.

              MGRS DOES have additional information I left out. It was originally a paper map system. So there are what's called Map Sheet Designators. Each Map Sheet Designator is good for something like 100km x 100km or something like that. And then the coordinate pairs in there refer to the region of that map sheet. So 3456 7834 alone wouldn't be clear, you'd need to know which map it went to. Can easily read up more on Wikipedia, but it looks like I got the basics right: https://en.w [wikipedia.org]

  • by petes_PoV ( 912422 ) on Wednesday March 14, 2018 @07:52AM (#56258235)
    Since all the characters contribute to the address, there is no redundancy. So just like with phone numbers calling the wrong person, an incorrect character will send your stuff (or visitors) to the wrong place. Possibly even to the wrong continent if one of the early characters is mistaken.
  • Eircode [eircode.ie] assigns one post code per address. Yes, you have your own post code and you don't need to be Richie Rich. Talk about browsing a database by index key.

  • and office and apartment numbers?

  • So we've got google plus, with its plus tagging, and now we have plus codes, which have nothing to do with plus or with plus tagging. That won't confuse anyone at all, ever!

  • Reppin the 87J8FP, y'all know how we do
  • Google Military Prime!

    When is absolutely positively needs to be blown up in two days!

  • Why aren't lat/lon coordinates good enough?
  • This sounds very much like military map coordinates used the by U.S. military... In fact, I wonder if it corresponds identically?

    However, the city navigation part is interesting to me. I haven't read how that part works yet but from the description, I am imagining that even if a city crosses over the line partly into another "area code", the coordinates are still useful... For example, if the left of an area starts at 0 and goes right to 1000 then one could speak of negative numbers to mean so far to the l

  • We've already had a Google Plus come and go. Are Google projects so short-lived that they're recycling names now?

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