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Earth Power

Gas-Powered Leaf Blowers: the Most Polluting Machinery Still in Legal Use (substack.com) 362

"Pound for pound, gallon for gallon, hour-for-hour, the two-stroke gas powered engines in leaf blowers and similar equipment are vastly the dirtiest and most polluting kind of machinery still in legal use," James Fallows writes.

"According to the California Air Resources Board (CARB), the two-stroke leaf blowers and similar equipment in the state produce more ozone pollution than all of California's tens of millions of cars, combined." How can such little engines do so much damage? It's all about technological progress, and the lack of it: Over the past 50 years, gasoline engines for trucks and automobiles have become so much more efficient that they have reduced most of their damaging emissions-per-mile by at least 95 percent... Two-stroke engines, by contrast, are based on long-obsolete technology that inefficiently burns a slosh of oil and gasoline, and pumps out much of the unburned fuel as toxic aerosols... They're the basis of noisy, dirty scooters and tuk-tuks in places like Jakarta, Hanoi, Manila, and Bangkok, where they're being phased out as too polluting.

Using a two-stroke engine is like heating your house with an open pit fire in the living room — and chopping down your trees to keep it going, and trying to whoosh away the fetid black smoke before your children are poisoned by it. But these machines persist in American landscaping because they are cheap. And because — to be brutally honest — the people paying the greatest price in much of suburban American are the hired lawn-crew workers...

Fallows points out America's Environmental Protection Agency concluded the engines expose their operators to unusually high levels of carcinogens include benzene and other dangerous substances. And "The noise produced by two-stroke engines really is different from other sounds. New acoustic research shows that its distinctive low-frequency noise penetrates vastly further than other machine-generated sound waves. It goes through solid walls.

"There is an obvious, rapidly improving alternative. That is battery-powered equipment (to say nothing of rakes)... If batteries can power a multi-ton F-150 truck, it is fatuous for landscapers to say that they aren't strong enough for a dozen-pound leaf blower."
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Gas-Powered Leaf Blowers: the Most Polluting Machinery Still in Legal Use

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  • by theshowmecanuck ( 703852 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @02:38PM (#61856821) Journal

    Here are a number of good suggestions [homedepot.com] for environmentally friendly leaf blowers. And they provide good exercise as well.

    • Re: (Score:2, Insightful)

      Agreed, leaf blowers a pollution source in multiple ways from the gas engine, to the noise, to the dust and particulates

      They are testament to the depths humans will fall to in their pursuit of laziness

      I for one, will welcome their demise

      • by lsllll ( 830002 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @04:36PM (#61857311)

        They are testament to the depths humans will fall to in their pursuit of laziness

        Dude, it's not just laziness. It's also the fun factor. My wife and I fight to see who gets to use the leaf blower.

      • Laziness? What an ignorant comment. You could ascribe all of human progress to laziness. Why fly on a jet plane from New York to LA when you could simply walk?

      • by arglebargle_xiv ( 2212710 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @07:43PM (#61857829)

        I for one, will welcome their demise

        I, on the other hand, welcome our new pollution-spewing noise-making carcinogenic overlords.

      • I miss growing up when leaf blowers were rarely used in my neighborhood, and people weren't striving to make their lawns look like astroturf.

    • by Ostracus ( 1354233 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @02:48PM (#61856875) Journal

      Liquid Piston [liquidpiston.com] is a good option of power and small size.

      • The design does look impressive, but given that they still do not have a market there must be something wrong with them. I question the durability of the engine considering how flimsy the rotor appears to be. The design requires ports through the rotor for fuel and exhaust so it is going to be difficult to strengthen the rotor without adversely impacting performance.

        Looks like they have a military contract for a drone engine. This could work out well. As long as one can swap motors on a regular basis

      • by arglebargle_xiv ( 2212710 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @07:56PM (#61857891)

        There's always someone coming up with the next great thing to beat existing internal-combustion engines, usually some variant of a rotary engine. They sort of drift along for a few years until the money runs out, then sink without trace while someone else comes along with the new world-beating... variant of a rotary engine.

        (Pauses to look up the Liquid Piston engine).

        Oh, it's a variant of a rotary engine. Who would have guessed.

    • everyone immediately things of individuals with their leaf blowers, but most folks are going to use electric if they just need one around the house because they're cheaper and easier to use.

      The bulk of them are used by professional landscapers, and those guys like gas because they're more powerful (therefore faster) and don't need a cord.

      It's not a solvable problem with our current political climate that emphasizes business success above all else. The landscapers will get together (or rather their b
      • by 93 Escort Wagon ( 326346 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @03:04PM (#61856971)

        It's not a solvable problem with our current political climate that emphasizes business success above all else.

        I think a bigger problem is the prevailing notion that the presence of leaves on your lawn is some sort of affront to aesthetic sensibilities.

        • I am happy to let the leaves rot where they fall.

          Unfortunately, I am matrimonially bonded to someone who feels differently.

          Disclaimer: My leaf blower is electric.

          • I am fortunate my wife isn't too picky about our yard, because I mainly see it as a place for the dogs to run around. If I do rake the leaves, it's generally because I want to dig them into my vegetable garden beds.

        • as they dry. If they don't try they get in the way of your lawn and damage the grass.
        • by bobby ( 109046 )

          I've left them lay, mostly because of time/schedule/priorities/laziness, and they killed much grass, leaving many & much mud patches.

          I have a big 4-stroke big leaf blower that I sometimes use. 8 HP "Little Wonder". It's heavy.

          I have several 2-stroke leaf blowers, but I pretty much don't use them. For one thing I can't stand the smell. That said, one is a "Green Machine" that runs very clean, and I tune it for clean exhaust (because I can't stand the smell). It's both blower and vacuum with shoulder

          • I’ve found that all the 2-stroke machines I’ve dealt with run better and cleaner on the pre-mixed ethanol free 2-stroke fuel they sell at the garden centers. Anecdotal of course, but I’d recommend it if you are still using 2-stroke motors. That said, I will be buying electric versions when replacement times come.
        • by jythie ( 914043 )
          Even worse : the heavy handed removal of leaves is one of the reasons we have been seeing fewer and fewer fireflies every year.
        • The leaves actually do stunt, if not kill the grass by obstructing sunlight, restricting air circulation, and trapping too much moisture. But if I can’t put up a giant and perfectly manicured green middle finger to nature then how can I properly assert my dominance over it?
        • by brunes69 ( 86786 ) <slashdot@keirsGI ... minus herbivore> on Monday October 04, 2021 @07:14AM (#61858981)

          it doesn't have to do with aesthetics, it has to do with the health of the vegetation. Piles of leaves will kill a lawn in as little as one season.

          That said, blowers the the most inefficient way to get rid of leaves. The simplest and best way to get rid of leaves is to simply mow them. This chops them up and returns their nutrients to the soil, saving you from having to fertilize in the spring. People who leaf blow are for the most part idiots.

      • by EvilSS ( 557649 )

        The landscapers will get together (or rather their bosses) and prevent any attempt to ban them, and we're a long way off from battery powered leaf blowers being such a better alternative that they'd naturally replace them.

        I wouldn't say a long way off. Several companies like Ego, Stihl, and Echo are focused on commercial applications for battery powered OPE. I'd say we are closer to 3-5 years. Noise abatement laws are also pushing the industry toward battery operated equipment. Cities are starting to restrict the use of 2-stroke equipment for landscaping due to noise.

      • I've wondered why some greener landscaper don't use a small 4-stroke generator and plug-in leaf blowers. This avoids the problem of swapping expensive batteries and the lower power and wight of battery operated leaf blowers.

        It seems like there is an opportunity here for a compromise between really dirty 2-stroke leaf blowers and battery operated ones.

        Some landscapers in our area do offer "no leaf blower" services and use old fashion rakes. They seem to be pretty successful -- and slightly more expensive.

      • There are some pretty powerful battery powered ones, that obviously don't need a cord. You would have to swap batteries quite a few times in a professional setting, so you'd need half a dozen or a dozen batteries, depending on how much time you spend leaf blowing, but it's doable.

    • You can recharge your blower in an hour. I will take 3 minutes to dump some gas in.

    • by klipclop ( 6724090 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @03:10PM (#61856989)
      I find the smell to be terrible. Unfortunately I live on the ground floor of my building and I get to watch the landscaping guys blow dirt and dust around on the paved ground as if they are doing work. All they produce is noise and bad air quality.
    • by mspohr ( 589790 )

      I have battery powered leaf blowers, lawn mower, chain saws, hedge trimmer and snow blower.
      I've had these for a few years. They work great. They are quiet and powerful. No problem running down the batteries since I have spares.

    • by ffkom ( 3519199 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @04:11PM (#61857229)
      Exhaust fumes from ICEs and noise are not the only environmental hazards caused by "leaf blowers". High powered leaf blowers, when used on areas where dry dust contains feces of mammals such as dogs, foxes, mice etc. also stir up a cloud of pathogens (like fox tapeworm eggs or Hanta virus particles) that would normally no be inhaled by people nearby.
  • by Patent Lover ( 779809 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @02:40PM (#61856829)
    These are the most annoying fucking things ever invented. My fucking neighbor has one hobby, blowing nothing around at 100 Db. He just started as I type this.
    • Yup. It takes a strange type of OCD weirdo to care about some leaves on the ground and buy a machine to spend time blowing them into a corner. Just for a wind to blow some more along soon anyway.

      • Yup. It takes a strange type of OCD weirdo to care about some leaves on the ground and buy a machine to spend time blowing them into a corner. Just for a wind to blow some more along soon anyway.

        It's not OCD to remove leaves from your lawn [umn.edu], though as the article says, it's better to mulch them if possible. Otherwise, dead grass, mold and possible rodent infeststation.

        There is a difference between taking pride in your place and keeping it looking nice, and wandering around outside every day with a leaf blower not only polluting the air, but polluting with sound. If one is OCD about leaves, a rake is far better. No pollution and you get more exercise.

    • These are the most annoying fucking things ever invented. My fucking neighbor has one hobby, blowing nothing around at 100 Db. He just started as I type this.

      Wait until your neighbor replaces theirs with a battery electric model. The whine is much higher pitched, much louder on the high setting, and is audible through walls that block exhaust soundsf the lower-pitched 2-stroke gas engines.

    • What I don't get about this fascination is the concept of leaf blowing in the first place. Just moving shit around. Use a rake, it's faster and easier. Or use a machine which sucks and mulches directly into a bag for super easy disposal or for distributing directly back on your plants.

      2 stroke leaf blowers are not only annoying, but about as pointless as a TV remote physically glued to the TV.

    • by labnet ( 457441 )

      I’ve used an EGO battery blower for a couple of years now. More powerful than my old petrol blower and much less obnoxious noise.

  • Ah, let's put some scarce electronics into them. That'll solve the problem.

  • The leaf blower and string trimmer in particular are one application where the electric version is a more than adequate replacement for many many many cases.

    Push lawnmowers and riding mowers...not so much, but they are big enough pieces of equipment to have 4 stroken engines and cleaner exhaust.

    For small lawns, dragging an extension cord isn't a bad option. That's how I rolled in the 90s on my dad's lawn...

    • Re: I concur (Score:5, Interesting)

      by jemmyw ( 624065 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @03:30PM (#61857075)
      I replaced my lawnmower with a battery electric one 3 years ago. I much prefer it. It doesn't have any issues with not having a strong enough engine, I used it to cut long grass and mulch as well as normal lawn care. It came with 2 batteries so one can charge while I use the other, but it only takes both batteries to do the lawn during the spring. It has an auto throttle and I don't have to do any maintenance work on the engine. Plus I also have a strimmer and hedge trimmer that use the same batteries.

      I can't see any downside to electric for homeowners. When I was buying mine the store owner said they'd just sold a bunch of the same model to a landscaping company who had trialled one and really liked it for noise and maintenance reasons.
    • by EvilSS ( 557649 )
      Guess you haven't shopped for a battery powered push mower lately. Most can do an average size yard one one or two batteries. Unless you are trying to use it as a brush cutter, performance is perfectly fine. Ryobi, Dewalt, Ego, Makita, and soon Milwaukee all have one on their regular battery platforms so if you have batteries on one of those platforms, you don't need to invest in a new battery line just for a mower.

      For riding mowers, Ryobi has a decently affordable one with good reviews, but it uses golf
    • Re:I concur (Score:4, Informative)

      by countach ( 534280 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @05:19PM (#61857433)

      As someone with a power cord lawn mower, I'd never go back to gas, despite the hassle of the cord... just much less maintenance and hassle, I know I can plug it in and it will always be at 100% efficiency. With gas powered, tons of maintenance, and every time I'd go to use it, there'd be some problem.

  • I think the only obstacle to switching to battery-powered lawn equipment may be costs sunk into ICE-powered lawn equipment. The up-front costs are similar and the battery-powered stuff is so much easier and more convenient, nobody who tried it would ever go back. Even a corded electric lawnmower is better than a gas-powered mower for home use on small lawns - the trouble of moving the extension cord around is much less than getting the engine to run again after it's sat for a while, to say nothing of tendin

  • by Roger W Moore ( 538166 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @02:50PM (#61856881) Journal

    Using a two-stroke engine is like heating your house with an open pit fire in the living room — and chopping down your trees to keep it going

    No, heating your house that way would be better because pretty soon you would have no more need for a leaf blower.

  • Wait a few hours or days and some wind will blow the leaves away for you. And if you did use a blower to clear them the same wind will just blow some new leaves onto your lawn anyway. A gadget for people who want to play at gardening.

  • by jason.hall ( 640247 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @02:52PM (#61856897)
    I have a Ryobi 40V blower and a 2-cycle blower that's slightly more expensive. The gas one puts out about the same amout of air *at idle* than the batter one at full throttle. I want to use the battery one for environmental purposes, but it sits gathering dust.
    • I have a Ryobi 40V blower

      Buy budget equipment, get budget quality.

    • Re: (Score:2, Interesting)

      by metadojo3 ( 8024082 )
      just use a broom with strong bristles bro. WTF is your problem giving neighbors all the noise pollution while you get fat
    • Re: (Score:2, Insightful)

      by thegarbz ( 1787294 )

      Ever considered a rake?

      • by uncqual ( 836337 )

        So, you're proposing the rough equivalent of "Ever considered a handsaw" to someone who is using a chainsaw to cut down large trees?

        If you're a homeowner with a small yard, a rake can be about as fast since it doesn't require as much maintenance/fueling etc, but as the yard size (actually, area to be "de leafed") expands, the rake quickly loses out on both time and effort.

        Leaf blowers can also work much more efficiently than rakes when there are obstacles around (such as planters and bushes and lawn furnitu

  • And gardeners and landscapers are typically poor. These are marginal jobs, often held by immigrants and people without much training or education. If you can afford a pickup truck (probably on time payments) and some cheap garden tools, you've got a self-employed business. You probably don't have the budget for a battery electric leaf-blower, though.

    • You'd be surprised. For $69 at Home Depot I got a battery powered weed whacker and leaf blower (2 for 1 deal). They both work great and last a long time off of a single charge on the battery. I've enjoyed using both of them the past few months.
      • by uncqual ( 836337 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @05:52PM (#61857531)

        How do these work on the eighth or tenth yard of the day on the 6th day of the week of continuous usage?

        I very much doubt that a $69 battery powered weed whacker and leaf blower are very powerful or very long lasting. Good enough for punters doing their own modest sized yard and who have the time to snag "good deals" but "time is money" when you're in business.

        However, if a better leaf blower is 30% more efficient across the needs of various yards (including wet leaves etc), to a homeowner it's not worth much more. To a professional, it's worth hundreds of dollars more.

        If you're a typical homeowner in a few months you've probably only put about one day of wear and tear on them that a two man gardening crew would put on them in one day. You probably do, at most, one yard a week. A two (or, in the area I'm in, three is more typical) gardening crew will probably do around more than 60 yards in that week.

  • Comment removed (Score:5, Insightful)

    by account_deleted ( 4530225 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @02:52PM (#61856901)
    Comment removed based on user account deletion
    • by JBMcB ( 73720 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @02:58PM (#61856933)

      I have a backpack leaf blower as I have a ton of trees on my property. I can blow all the leaves in my entire yard into a big pile in about ten minutes. Then we rake them into bags. They might be more polluting, but they are very efficient (I only refuel my blower once or twice a year) for the amount of work they do. I have a battery powered leaf blower for when I only have a few leaves, or to clean up from mowing the lawn, but the backpack is a hundred times more effective when doing a lot of leaves.

    • A two stroke riding lawnmower? I've never seen one of those.

      My two stroke weed wacker was replaced with an electric one. It was easier to put the trolling motor battery and an inverter into the wagon and pull that around than than keep that persnickety two stroke running.

      The electric chainsaw is a toy even with 120 V. The Husqvarna will be sticking around for awhile. I don't live in town though, so there are no near neighbors. And it's not used all that many hours.

  • Fatuous Argument (Score:5, Insightful)

    by Roger W Moore ( 538166 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @03:11PM (#61856993) Journal

    If batteries can power a multi-ton F-150 truck, it is fatuous for landscapers to say that they aren't strong enough for a dozen-pound leaf blower.

    That's a fatuous argument. An electric F150 weighs 35% more than the petrol power version and has a range well under half that of the gas-powered version. It's not power that is the issue it's the power-to-weight ratio. This is why we do not (yet) have viable commercial electric aircraft and when we eventually do they are going to have much less range and fly much slower than jets.

    For leaf blowers, you cannot just arbitrarily increase the mass of the device because it has to remain wieldable by a human. This means that electric, battery-operated leaf blowers have less power and a far shorter operating time. Worse, recharging takes a long time. This makes them fine for domestic use but clearly not for professionals.

    I'm no fan of leaf blowers: they are dirty, noisy things and I'd be fine with banning them but let's not fool ourselves that existing technology can effectively electrify them. Future battery tech might but not that which we have today.

    • by EvilSS ( 557649 )

      Worse, recharging takes a long time. This makes them fine for domestic use but clearly not for professionals.

      I don't get this argument. All I can think is that the few people in the comments here have never seen a battery powered OPE tool before. Due to noise ordinances that outlaw most gas powered OPE popping up all over the country, they are used commercially today. They don't have fixed batteries, and swapping the battery takes 30 seconds. Pros carry enough batteries that they can swap while the others are charging on chargers back in their trucks or trailers. Home users are not buying the high end Ego, Stih

    • If I ever need to ride my leafblower 350miles then you may have a point. But the reality is people not using leafblowers in a professional capacity do not go through a full tank, heck they are unlucky if they fill it up more than every 1/5th time.

      Unlike cars which are significantly heavier due to range anxiety people demanding that they do far more than is actually required of them there's zero reason why electric is heavier than combustion.

      And just to drive home my point:
      Makita MM4: 140mph, 356CFM, 9.8lbs
      P

  • They might pollute a lot because of combustion, but noises from these things are off the chart.... I looked up into electric ones and they are nowhere as powerful..

  • There are indeed some high tech 2-stroke engines around. They are still popular in snowmobiles, outboard boat motors, and some boutique high-end motorcycles, though many if not most of those are now 4-strokes. Computer controlled fuel injection and oil metering can make them much cleaner than the simple engines in a leaf blower or chainsaw.

    https://powersportsbusiness.co... [powersportsbusiness.com]
  • Obviously a person who makes a stupid comparison like that can just be ignored.

  • I am using our shop vacuum in blower mode, and with up to a high-hp motor it works really well. Can run continuous at 1000 watts with no issues.

    The problem with portable electric blowers their batteries are usually not up to the task. I know of no widely available battery that can pull that amount of power. My best estimate (the specs were not available), the tool packs peak at about 400-450W, probably much less due to heat.

    And being limited in power means there is no physical way this will work as good as

  • by couchslug ( 175151 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @03:28PM (#61857069)

    I've a nice gasser Shindaiwa that just sits because electrics are far more convenient than dealing with premix and fuel system maintenance (easy for me as an experienced mechanic).

    Electric leaf blowers are much more convenient than gassers and can be operated one-handed, useful when recovering from shoulder replacement surgery. Lawn care pays more than enough to switch to electric and electrics have much less downtime than gassers.

    I also switched to electric chain saws for home use/limbing but they are NOT there yet for commercial use like firewood cutting and logging.

    Contractors can easily recharge their batteries via an inverter plugging into any typical vehicle and have done so for many years where they lack shore power.

  • There are small cheap four stroke engines. They use two stroke because they can get away with it, not because it's necessary for the form factor.

    They should have been banned a decade ago, but better late than never.

  • Chainsaws (Score:2, Informative)

    They're saying leaf-blowers but they mean chainsaws.

    Same engine.

    I have an 80V electric and a 2-stroke gas and there's about a 3x difference in productivity.

    Once you get past fucking around with the carb the gas wins. But for a quick job electric wins. I can't afford a dozen coal-powered $115 batteries for a day's work so I can heat and cool my house without fossil fuels.

    And, yeah, I pay taxes on over 30 acres of forest so you California whiners can have clean air. Piss off, eh?

    Anyways, Cali woke society

  • I own a 2 stroke chainsaw and string trimmer but we also live in town on a tiny lot, and we have a plug in string trimmer to do the yard work here. It's not realistic to use electric on big lots out of town, but in town you should have to.

    • by ukoda ( 537183 )
      I have a 2500m2 rural section and all my lawn appliances, including the leaf blower, are electric with the current exception of my ride on mower. There are electric ones available but they are not great or reasonably priced, yet.

      For commercial work you would need a better grade of gear than I use but it is doable. You would probably need about 3 or 4 sets of decent grade batteries to get you through a work day but you could use solar panel on your vehicle to charge the ones not being used. Somewhere a
  • California legislature passed a bill this year to outlaw ICE engine lawn equipment and generators.

    • California legislature passed a bill this year to outlaw ICE engine lawn equipment and generators.

      Are they replacing the generators with electric ones as well?

  • Suburban Moms(and and Men), just hate noise that is not their making. So, environmental excuses are used.

    I do not disagree that gas this and pollution are real, but coal plants, cars, and everything else crushes blowers as a pollution problem.

    It is disingenuous to say they reason banned is pollution. They annoy people.
  • I'm pretty sure the noise is the bigger issue, they're that goddamn bad.

  • by ukoda ( 537183 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @04:30PM (#61857293) Homepage
    While commercial operators may have different issues for domestic user the biggest hassle with electric gardening appliances, and power tools, is the lack of a standard battery system, While they all generally use the same basic technology every bloody brand has to make their battery mechanically different to try an lock you into their range of appliances and tools. Really annoying. Forget phone USB Type-C mandates, how about a small number mandated standards for battery packs?
  • American problems (Score:5, Insightful)

    by ugen ( 93902 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @04:48PM (#61857345)

    The rest of the world doesn't even know what a "leaf blower" is. Why do the leaves need to be blown anywhere? Before blowers, they just sat there and over the winter slowly degraded and became food for the new plants next year.

  • There's a reason these things go by that name.

    They suck. They're noisy. They stink, and they pollute. They're the epitome of waste and lazy, mindless consumerism.

    Ban the fucking things.

  • by magzteel ( 5013587 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @06:10PM (#61857601)

    The picture attached to one article shows a Makita tool being used by "Jose Delgado" the landscaper. Makita doesn't make 2-stroke gas engine tools
    The picture attached to another shows a crew using Stihl backpack blowers. Stihl doesn't make 2-stroke gas engine backpack blowers.

    One article states "There are about 16 million pieces of small off-road equipment in California. That compares to a vehicle population of about 18 million statewide,” Well, cars are registered so you know exactly how many there are. Tools are not. They have no idea how many small gas tools there are and how many hours each one is in use. They sure don't know how many 2-stroke engines there are.

    I have 5 gas yard tools. 4 of them are 4-stroke. My chainsaw is 2-stroke, and it is used every few years.

    They are pulling this out of their ass.

The explanation requiring the fewest assumptions is the most likely to be correct. -- William of Occam

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