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United Kingdom The Almighty Buck

Why a Weak British Pound Matters (theverge.com) 153

The British pound on Monday briefly hit a record low against the dollar, extending losses after Britain's new government on Friday announced a sweeping economic overhaul centered around tax cuts and deregulation. Citibank called the move a "huge, unfunded gamble for the U.K. economy." From a report: The pound slumped as low at $1.035 on Monday, breaking the 1985 record, and although it bounced up from those depths it remains down about 19 percent this year. The pound has also fallen against the euro, although not by as much. In other markets, yields on British government bonds hit multiyear highs, meaning that borrowing costs are rising steeply as the government prepares to issue more debt to pay for subsidies on energy bills and other policies.

What does the weaker pound mean for the British economy? The drop in the pound poses concerns, since a weaker currency makes imports more expensive. It also makes it more expensive for Britons to travel abroad, since their money doesn't go as far as it did before. British companies, many of which rely on materials imported from other countries, may raise prices to compensate for their higher costs -- putting pressure on inflation, which is already running near 40-year highs. [...] People and companies abroad buying goods and services from Britain could benefit from cheaper prices. And businesses in Britain that generate revenue elsewhere will earn more when that money is converted back into pounds. For Americans and others spending dollars or euros while traveling to Britain, their trips will be more affordable than they would have been even a few months ago.
Further reading: Fed official warns UK tax cuts increase risk of global recession.
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Why a Weak British Pound Matters

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  • by registrations_suck ( 1075251 ) on Monday September 26, 2022 @01:01PM (#62915277)

    The pound is becoming so weak, they will have to rename it to the "ounce".

  • by SuperKendall ( 25149 ) on Monday September 26, 2022 @01:07PM (#62915305)

    There's a much wider force at work, many currencies are falling against the dollar - like the Yen.

    But that's because the dollar is collapsing at a slower rate than the others. That will not last forever, probably not even very long - we are right in the middle of a massive bond and market meltdown.

    I don't know how the UK will fair in the end, but at the moment the pound falling is the least of its worries, energy security should be top of that list (though a lower pound makes that worse too).

    • Re: (Score:3, Informative)

      by olsmeister ( 1488789 )
      Another thing that's happening is that Liz Truss aka Maggie Thatcher II wants to pass a big tax cut ... which, by putting more money into people's pockets would be inflationary. In the middle of an inflation crisis. I think her and Erdogan must hang out together or something.
      • by quonset ( 4839537 ) on Monday September 26, 2022 @01:44PM (#62915489)

        Another thing that's happening is that Liz Truss aka Maggie Thatcher II wants to pass a big tax cut ... which, by putting more money into people's pockets would be inflationary. In the middle of an inflation crisis. I think her and Erdogan must hang out together or something.

        As usual, trickle down won't work and will only lead the British 1% making out like bandits while the people suffer with declining purchasing power. At least two people agree this will be a mess [marketwatch.com] and Truss' numbers should not be trusted.

        • This is all part of the Tory Brexit plan to turn the UK in to a giant tax haven right off the shores of Europe.

      • "which, by putting more money into people's pockets would be inflationary. "

        43% of the UK citizens do not pay any income tax, because they earn less than £12500, so they won't get anything in their pockets.

        On the contrary, all the imported food and energy will become more expensive.

        • National insurance starts at under £12500, so 43% isn't accurate. There will be some proportion who will see a 1.25% reduction on the amount between £10000 and £12500 even if they don't pay income tax. However, the £12500 threshold is not or not yet being uprated for inflation.
      • Another thing that's happening is that Liz Truss aka Maggie Thatcher II wants to pass a big tax cut ... which, by putting more money into people's pockets would be inflationary.

        So, they should.... take money out of Brit's pockets? "We're going to take things away from you for your own good"? That kind of thing?

        Yeah. Go on, tell Labour to run on THAT.

        • by jbengt ( 874751 ) on Monday September 26, 2022 @04:10PM (#62915947)

          Another thing that's happening is that Liz Truss aka Maggie Thatcher II wants to pass a big tax cut ... which, by putting more money into people's pockets would be inflationary.

          So, they should.... take money out of Brit's pockets? "We're going to take things away from you for your own good"? That kind of thing?

          Unfortunately, there are only a few basic, interrelated ways of fighting inflation: reduce the monetary supply, decrease demand for goods and services, and increase supply of goods and services. Government is not going to be able to increase supply of goods and services. Reducing the monetary supply, usually done by making borrowing more expensive, hurts, and can temporarily increase costs, at least for those who have to borrow. Reducing demand usually requires slowing the economy, which also hurts. But cutting taxes tends to increase demand, so tends to make inflation worse, and that hurts more.

          • Interest rates are already going up, although nominally that's not the government due to Bank of England independence.
          • by AmiMoJo ( 196126 )

            The problem for the UK is that many people are already in a very precarious position when it comes to mortgages. Because houses are so expensive they ended up with massive mortgages that are close to the limit of what they can afford, meaning any increase in interest rates will push them over the edge.

            The BoE is widely expected to raise interest rates to at least 6% in the coming year. For someone with a £200k mortgage, that adds an extra £600/month to their payments. The rates on mo

        • by LQ ( 188043 )
          The reason this is tanking the pound is because they are borrowing big time to fund these tax cuts. So they're messing up the economy to gain some votes in the short term. So it's not putting money back into people's pockets, it means more cuts in services and tax rises in the future.
      • Another thing that's happening is that Liz Truss aka Maggie Thatcher II wants to pass a big tax cut ... which, by putting more money into people's pockets would be inflationary. In the middle of an inflation crisis. I think her and Erdogan must hang out together or something.

        LOL, what? Give people additional money, and a lot of it will be spent, but some people do still keep savings you know. Tax it off them and give it to f-ing politicians and you bet your ass they'll immediately spend it down to last penny.

        • Tax it off them and give it to f-ing politicians and you bet your ass they'll immediately spend it down to last penny.

          Good. Sounds like a plan

      • You could cut an "out" from that statement and it wouldn't be any less true.

    • But that's because the dollar is collapsing at a slower rate than the others. That will not last forever, probably not even very long - we are right in the middle of a massive bond and market meltdown.

      It's because the federal reserve has made very clear that they are willing to do what it takes to stop inflation.

      • by AmiMoJo ( 196126 )

        What is really damaging the Pound is borrowing. The government has given massive tax cuts to the rich, and funded it with borrowing.

        Governments normally borrow money for capital investment, so the money goes into something tangible that they own or for some purpose that generates more tax revenue. That's fine, governments can borrow cheaply and the money is converted to an asset or comes back later with interest.

        Borrowing to give free money to the rich is the ruling Tory Party funding their next election ca

  • by istartedi ( 132515 ) on Monday September 26, 2022 @01:17PM (#62915359) Journal

    The Fed is ahead of almost all the other central banks on raising rates to fight inflation. If you look at USD vs. pretty much any major currency, they're all down. At some point those other countries will have to raise rates to fight inflation too. A few years ago we were talking about "competitive devaluation", in which there was a concern that nations would lower their rates too much in a vicious cycle of competition to stimulate their economies at the expense of other nation's trade. Now the tables are turned!

    I haven't studied the concept of competitive *re*-valuation. There might be some interesting reads out there...

    • I haven't studied the concept of competitive *re*-valuation. There might be some interesting reads out there...

      "A concept where economists congratulate themselves for making their exports more expensive by simultaneously reducing the wages of the entire country."

      Somehow it's not a big vote getter.

  • Given a number of countries are suffering economic issues right now, due to the extended impacts of Covid policies (Japan & China), the energy crisis due to the war in Ukraine (Europe in Ukraine), what are the factors impacting the UK? Is it the same issues as the rest of Europe, or at the elements of Brexit to throw in the mix?

    • Re:Brexit? (Score:4, Informative)

      by phantomfive ( 622387 ) on Monday September 26, 2022 @01:55PM (#62915531) Journal

      The primary "issue" is that the US is taking measures to stop inflation, whereas the Pound and Eurozone are not. Note that the Euro and Pound are within their historical range to each other.

      • by AmiMoJo ( 196126 )

        That's not entirely true. The Eurozone has done a lot to curb inflation by securing its energy supplies and keeping costs down, e.g. a windfall tax on energy companies.

        • Isn't the entire problem Germany is facing with energy exactly because they did not secure their energy supplies?

          • Isn't the entire problem Germany is facing with energy exactly because they did not secure their energy supplies?

            If I understand rightly Germany was dependent on Russian gas and having stopped its nuclear reactors, it wasn't left with much beyond coal and renewables. France might be able help out through excess capacity in its nuclear plants, but ironically it shows how important nuclear is, if countries can't curb their energy demands.

            So, I'd agree Germany's energy plan leaves a lot to be questioned.

      • That's a very superficial view. The USA and Europe are taking relatively equal measures at battling inflation. The USA is simply suffering from a very minor rise compared to the USA, largely insulated from the shit going on in Russia and instead dealing with exclusively the post COVID issues.

        If the USA has the same inflation as Europe you can bet your kidneys they would be reaxting identically to Europe because quite fundamentally controlling inflation isn't a singular goal or end game. Europe can solve inf

        • I'm paying $1.10/kWh for electricity. How much has it risen over in the USA? That's just one example of differences driving inflation.

          That is a result of not controlling inflation.

      • by mjwx ( 966435 )

        The primary "issue" is that the US is taking measures to stop inflation, whereas the Pound and Eurozone are not. Note that the Euro and Pound are within their historical range to each other.

        The UK and Eurozone are still pretty closely linked (and will always be, despite what Brexiteers masturbate over) so negative or positive affects on one currency affects the other, however we've relied on low interest rates since the GFC, so both the ECB (European Central Bank) and BoE (Bank of England) who pretty much have a similar job to the American Federal Reserve are very reluctant to raise them.

        I think it's a case of the Americans managing to avoid the problems, but you've had a higher base intere

    • by skam240 ( 789197 ) on Monday September 26, 2022 @02:18PM (#62915623)

      Their new prime minister has recently announced she plans to both slash taxes and increase spending https://apnews.com/article/inf... [apnews.com] which are both genuinely dumb things for a government to do during a period of major inflation as increasing the money supply will only make inflation worse. Plus they'll be borrowing to fund all this at interest rates that are quickly increasing to combat the inflation thus making this quite expensive to boot.

      Those with money recognize this as a problem and are abandoning anything they have that's tied up in the value of the pound.

  • There have been numerous articles in the news about the prospect of a far-right government in Italy. What nobody seems to have commented on is the similarities between this and the current UK government.

    • by vakuona ( 788200 ) on Monday September 26, 2022 @02:13PM (#62915603)

      I think equating the British Conservatives, the party that led the UK through WWII when they fought Naziâ(TM)s and Fascists with the Italian party that has its roots in an actual fascist party / Mussolini is just ridiculous.

      The British have a right of centre government that probably looks left wing when compared to the American Democratic Party.

      • by UpnAtom ( 551727 )

        This Government banned protest and is trying to remove human rights from the constitutiion. They illegally closed Parliament to stop it having a say on Brexit and attacked the judiciary for calling them out on it.

        They believe in the childish notion of trickle down economics. One minister literally shorted British bonds, so great was his faith in his Chancellor.

      • It's a completely different party. Things had already changed a lot since WW2, but between 2015-2020 the Conservative party was hollowed out and replaced with something akin to the BNP and UKIP. They purged a significant number of their MPs and replaced them in 2019.

      • by mjwx ( 966435 )

        I think equating the British Conservatives, the party that led the UK through WWII when they fought Naziâ(TM)s and Fascists with the Italian party that has its roots in an actual fascist party / Mussolini is just ridiculous.

        Like all political parties, their ideals and policies changed over time. The Conservatives of Churchill's days are a very different kettle of fish to the Conservatives of today. The old conservatives were mostly fiscal, the current crop seem to be more interested in creating fake culture wars whilst being the near total opposite of fiscal conservatives. They are probably closer the likes of Mussolini than they every have been in their history.

        The UK did have a fascist party back in the 30's, created by o

    • Completely untrue. The rise of far-right governments throughout Europe is constantly talked about in the news.

  • by phantomfive ( 622387 ) on Monday September 26, 2022 @01:58PM (#62915541) Journal

    Well, now is the best time to visit London if you ever want to see the British museum. Not only is it the cheapest time to visit, Putin keeps on threatening to nuke the UK, so it might not be there next year. Visit now, while the exhibits are not charcoal-colored! Except the charcoal drawings, they're already charcoal colored.

    • by AmiMoJo ( 196126 )

      Ah, the British Museum, where we keep all our stolen loot. Come see our shameful past, as told by the things we plundered from the places we colonized.

      Seriously though, if you want to visit the UK... Don't, go to the south of France instead.

      • Better to be looted and stored in a museum than looted and stored in some rich person's cellar (like what happened to half the dead sea scrolls)

  • The pound has also fallen against the euro, although not by as much.

    There's something I dont fully understand.
    How do indirect exchange rated work?
    Since the Euro has it's own exchange rate against the dollar, how could the pound-to-euro rate be different than the pound-to-euro-to-dollar rate?
    Wouldn't indirect exchange rates always be the same as the direct ones?

    • You're assuming that there's some universal link between all (or any) currencies, like, "If a > b and b > c, then a > c", or even "a = a". There aren't any.

      Any currency is ultimately only worth what someone will pay for it with another currency (or non-currency) at any given point in time, and there are a practically infinite number of variables at play.

  • The Same Winners (Score:5, Informative)

    by El Fantasmo ( 1057616 ) on Monday September 26, 2022 @02:26PM (#62915641)

    Here's my understanding of weak vs. strong currencies and I'll use the U.S. dollar ($) for simplification.

    Scenario 1: If the dollar is strong, then dollar holders can import more stuff from markets based on weaker currencies. Dollar markets see shrinking exports.

    Scenario 2: If the dollar is weak, stronger currencies can import more stuff from dollar markets. Dollar markets see growing exports.

    Scenario 1 is good for importing and bad for exporting. Strong dollar markets can bring more stuff in at a better value but have reduce exports. To me this is good up front for consumers, but bad in the log run for exporters of things like metals, computer chips, grain, lumber, cars etc. So, if a dollar stays strong "too long", exporters in dollar markets will find a way to move production to weaker markets or simply reduce jobs as long as necessary if not forever.

    Scenario 2 is true in the opposite.

    In the end, it looks like, the average person is up a creek whichever side their currency is on. A strong dollar is nice until jobs start to disappear so companies maintain or increase profits, growth etc. Or a weak currency is nice for jobs stability and/or growth until the average person sees diminished buying power or reduced supply, i.e. stagnation or subsistence income.

    Again, this is my simple understanding.

    • That's it, but remember exports/imports usually account for 10%-20% of the economy. So minor fluctuations can hurt some industries but not be felt generally.

      A strong dollar is nice until jobs start to disappear so companies maintain or increase profits, growth etc

      This is exactly why the federal reserve has said they intend to strengthen the dollar until it starts hurting the unemployment rate. No reason to keep it weak until then.

    • It is interesting to see how this unfolds.
      A lot of the US exports have pricing power today due to Ukraine war shortages - petroleum/gas, food, weapons. The US is exporting inflation to other counties via these goods.
      On the other hand, imports are cheaper and it's helping with inflation internally.
      Most of the inflation currently being experienced is due to supply-side problems. (There is a real-estate and stock market bubble, but it is imploding or about the implode.) High interest rates don't fix the supply

  • by robi5 ( 1261542 ) on Monday September 26, 2022 @02:47PM (#62915711)

    I've always been amazed by the former, over-the-top valuation of the GBP. It has always been in rough parity with the Euro in purchase power terms. Nothing fundamental I'm aware of of justified the higher valuation. It makes sense that it's more aligned with USD, EUR and CHF. I think the new levels are normal. It also helps with British competitiveness: pressure on lowering imports, increasing exports and producing more at home. Everybody will get used to it. It'll be a bit more expensive to go abroad, and it'll be less insanely expensive for foreign visitors to spend time in the UK.

    • Lol, what exports?

    • I've always been amazed by the former, over-the-top valuation of the GBP. It has always been in rough parity with the Euro in purchase power terms. Nothing fundamental I'm aware of of justified the higher valuation.

      It just means that GB hasn't printed as many pounds as EU has printed euros. You can get pretty near any exchange rate you want by removing or adding currency.

    • The UK has a large trade deficit with the rest of the world, hence the artificial overvaluation.

  • by mrbester ( 200927 ) on Monday September 26, 2022 @03:36PM (#62915853) Homepage

    They've been in power 12 years. Yes, there have been some staff changes but it's been the same bunch of arseholes all along.

    • Disagree. Over the 12 years they have become increasingly more arseholish. A lot of the primary decision making lies in the pouring minister (more of a president really, the UK political system should be embarrassed to call itself a representative democracy).

      The same party may have been in power but the leaders are progressively more radical and dangerously stupid.

  • Go back to handspun yarn and handloom made fabrics the way Gandhi asked India to do fight off the Brits.

    India overtook Britain in GDP and it's now the fifth largest economy. It has been the third largest by PPP for a long time now. But this time it's exchange rate dollars.

  • The actions of this government are so obviously stupid that I wonder whether this is an orchestrated fail to get Boris Johnson back in. Many conservatives see Boris as the only chance of winning the next election, and the way that the PM is selected by Conservative party members (mainly elderly rich and white) means that he would probably be reselected - many said that they wanted to vote for Boris last time even though he wasn't running.

    Unless the current government really is stupid enough to think that t

  • The argument in favor of the Truss policies goes like this: UK debt, though high by historical standards, is not unsustainable, and the required borrowing will not make it so. It will remain well under 100% of GDP. So whether or not the plans, tax cuts and energy subsidies, are correct, they will not lead to disaster.

    In addition, economics, its argued that if gas prices fall the cost of the subsidies will be much lower than is currently forecasted by the pessimists.

    In addition, politics, its argued that

    • However the difference from the ERM debacle is that there if they persist, and simply allow the exchange rate to go where it will, there is no public defeat associated with any particular level. Whereas the disaster of the ERM was not so much the fall in sterling, it was in the original commitment to keeping it at a certain value. So whatever the merits of any particular level, the exit was seen as a defeat. As indeed it was. It very publicly exposed what an error it had been to join in the first place.

      I'm not sure about that. I think £=$ and £=€ are both thresholds that the public will react to if crossed.

      Joining the ERM wasn't the mistake. Joining it when and how we did was the mistake, largely caused by Thatcher getting pissed off at being pressured by her colleagues to join.

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