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Earth

Gulf Stream Could Collapse as Early as 2025, Study Suggests (theguardian.com) 299

The Gulf Stream system could collapse as soon as 2025, a new study suggests. The shutting down of the vital ocean currents, called the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (Amoc) by scientists, would bring catastrophic climate impacts. From a report: Amoc was already known to be at its weakest in 1,600 years owing to global heating and researchers spotted warning signs of a tipping point in 2021. The new analysis estimates a timescale for the collapse of between 2025 and 2095, with a central estimate of 2050, if global carbon emissions are not reduced. Evidence from past collapses indicate changes of temperature of 10C in a few decades, although these occurred during ice ages.

Other scientists said the assumptions about how a tipping point would play out and uncertainties in the underlying data are too large for a reliable estimate of the timing of the tipping point. But all said the prospect of an Amoc collapse was extremely concerning and should spur rapid cuts in carbon emissions. Amoc carries warm ocean water northwards towards the pole where it cools and sinks, driving the Atlantic's currents. But an influx of fresh water from the accelerating melting of Greenland's ice cap and other sources is increasingly smothering the currents.

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Gulf Stream Could Collapse as Early as 2025, Study Suggests

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  • by Your Anus ( 308149 ) on Tuesday July 25, 2023 @02:11PM (#63713988) Journal
    The Gulf Stream will persist. This is the overturn current that might go away. Would still fuck up Europe's weather.
    • by Geoffrey.landis ( 926948 ) on Tuesday July 25, 2023 @03:18PM (#63714202) Homepage

      The Gulf Stream is part of the AMOC.

      https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/... [noaa.gov]

      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... [wikipedia.org]

    • maybe Europe would pay the highest price but let's not pretend it wouldn't fuck the global weather system as well. I imagine oceans would warm significantly on the east coast which means hurricanes have fuel to travel further north
      • by VeryFluffyBunny ( 5037285 ) on Tuesday July 25, 2023 @05:28PM (#63714476)
        Oh, changes on this scale would probably lead to extreme weather on biblical proportions, not just stronger storms. Food supply could become a serious issue.
        • Yeah, food supply is going to be our achilles heal. We've exploited the planet beyond its carrying capacity while it had a fairly stable weather pattern. Once we start having multiple crop failures around the world it's going to get ugly fast.
          • Re: (Score:2, Interesting)

            by Luckyo ( 1726890 )

            And in real life on the other hand, current planetary carrying capability is between 24 billion and 30 billion humans depending on estimate source, and it's adding about 1-3% every year due to global warming. Chlorophyll has evolved for 1200-1500ppm CO2 athmosphere of specific planetary state when it evolved. We're at the end of and ice age, the time when life on the planet actually dies. Not at the end of hot season when life on the planet reaches its apex. And so CO2 is about a third of optimal for it, he

            • Evolution is a very slow process. Plants and animals would take hundreds, if not thousands, of years to adapt. Humans currently aren't considering any realistic plans to slow warming by that much.
        • by Tablizer ( 95088 )

          changes on this scale would probably lead to extreme weather on biblical proportions

          How fitting, our climate will run amoc.

  • by Tablizer ( 95088 ) on Tuesday July 25, 2023 @02:20PM (#63714004) Journal

    Unfortunately conservatives will have to witness the Earth breaking bigly before they believe it's "not a hoax".

    Unfortunately 2, they'll probably then claim "well, it's too late to do anything, so let us keep our monster gas pickups."

    • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

      by jwhyche ( 6192 )

      It's not just conservatives. It's almost everyone at this point. We have heard so many of these "end of the world" predictions that don't turn out. Nobody really believes it, or worse, cares any more.

      That "call me when the world ends" mentality has infected just about everyone.

      • by bradley13 ( 1118935 ) on Tuesday July 25, 2023 @02:32PM (#63714058) Homepage
        This. Apparently, predicting the end of the world gets you published. Since there is no penalty for being wrong, why not?
        • by Tablizer ( 95088 ) on Tuesday July 25, 2023 @02:41PM (#63714090) Journal

          You will never ever be able to sue somebody for failing to predict the end of humanity.

          It's why I'm thinking of selling apocalypse insurance. If by chance customers are alive enough to crawl into my office to complain, I'll just eat them.

        • It doesn't take much to get published.

          https://www.theatlantic.com/id... [theatlantic.com]

          And often (depending on field of study) papers are never cited

          https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/impact... [lse.ac.uk]

          I don't believe nor disbelieve any paper, I want multiple references with different datasets and perspectives arriving at similar conclusions. So, when I see "a paper" is cited, I don't get excited. Science requires replication, not consensus. Consensus is often worth considering but never absolute.

          • by Shaitan ( 22585 )

            "Science requires replication, not consensus."

            Good luck, they don't share the source data [even at your expense] so you couldn't replicate this if you wanted to. And if you are their peers you don't want to because the same is true of your work. Besides, they can just tweak a couple parameters and publish a revised doomsday estimate tomorrow.

        • by rsilvergun ( 571051 ) on Tuesday July 25, 2023 @04:00PM (#63714312)
          not in a scientific journal, which is what you're implying. But it does get clicks for a news paper.

          But this isn't the end of the world, it's a much, much harder life for everyone except maybe the top 5%. Nowhere in the article was the end of the world predicted, you're starwmanning. What's predicted is food shortages and everything that goes with it (social unrest, rising prices, war, etc).
          • by Shaitan ( 22585 )

            "Nowhere in the article was the end of the world predicted, you're starwmanning."

            No, you are just being deliberately obtuse and literal. It's a figure of speech which can encompass any dire scenario within a relevant scope or can be used [but not here] as a contrast point to declare anything to not be a big deal. Obviously the planet is going to be just fine and would be just fine even if every one of us was wiped off the face or the whole thing heated to the point it was basically a magma ball.

            "What's pred

        • This. Apparently, predicting the end of the world gets you published. Since there is no penalty for being wrong, why not?

          Only in the news papers. The vast majority of the "end of the world" predictions were a result of scientific reporting, not the underlying science that was being reported on.

      • by Tablizer ( 95088 ) on Tuesday July 25, 2023 @02:36PM (#63714072) Journal

        > We have heard so many of these "end of the world" predictions that don't turn out.

        Only if you get your science news from sensationalist sources and biased cherry-pickers.

        • Re: (Score:3, Funny)

          by Train0987 ( 1059246 )

          Like Slashdot? We get one or two of these doomsday articles per week here.

        • by Geoffrey.landis ( 926948 ) on Tuesday July 25, 2023 @03:27PM (#63714230) Homepage

          ; We have heard so many of these "end of the world" predictions that don't turn out.

          Only if you get your science news from sensationalist sources and biased cherry-pickers.

          Yep! In this article, you have to ignore the second sentence of the headline: "...but scientists disagree over the new analysis". The speculation is shouted in the headline, and the very worst (and least likely) scenario is highlighted, while the part about "this prediction is still speculative" is buried.

          A little bit further along in the article "The most recent assessment by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change concluded that Amoc would not collapse this century" and then, "The potential collapse of Amoc is intensely debated by scientists."

      • by quantaman ( 517394 ) on Tuesday July 25, 2023 @02:48PM (#63714112)

        It's not just conservatives. It's almost everyone at this point. We have heard so many of these "end of the world" predictions that don't turn out. Nobody really believes it, or worse, cares any more.

        That "call me when the world ends" mentality has infected just about everyone.

        No one says the gulf stream collapsing will cause the world to end.

        Just like a big drought in Africa causing a migrant crisis in Europe didn't cause the world to end.

        Nor did brutal heat waves causing forest fires and drought in North America cause the world to end.

        Nor did increased wildlife extinction, partially driven by climate change, cause the world to end.

        The climate has already changed quite a bit, and the effects have generally been for the worse. Just because you've gotten used to the new normal doesn't mean it's not a big deal that it's going to keep happening.

      • Climate change is arguably the biggest catastrophe humanity has ever faced. It touches all and is not going away during our lifetimes and for generations after us. This is reality.

        One reason for the tiredness is how the media chooses what science about it is published and how it is portrayed. For example the title says 2025,but that s at the extreme end of the uncertainty.

        Later when new research says otherwise or improves the estimate a lot of people will again lose some trust to the science, even though th

        • Climate change is arguably the biggest catastrophe humanity has ever faced. It touches all and is not going away during our lifetimes and for generations after us. This is reality.

          And so is AI.
          And so is nuclear war.
          And so is the next pandemic.
          And so is another Carrington event.
          And so is an asteroid impact.
          And so is population collapse.

          You don't see everyone arguing that we should put all our efforts into diverting asteroids, and you see *lots* of people saying that AI will result in a catastrophe and no one worries about that either.

          Existential threats come and go. We're going green at an amazing pace, and there's no evidence that we need to do it any faster.

          • We're going green at an amazing pace

            We most certainly are NOT going green at an amazing pace.

            Last year the world had the highest human CO2 emissions on record. There is no indication that global CO2 emissions are actually going to drop at all.

            There are no painless ways reduce emissions enough to make a significant difference, so given the shortsightedness of the average human, emissions won't drop until civilization has been decimated by the consequences. They will finally drop after most people are dead (most likely in the wake of nuclear w

          • Yes, the structural change in energy production and other processes is happening.

            The catastrophe will not end when the extra amplification of the greenhouse effect ends. Then starts a cooling-off period. Return to a steady or natural state would mean living in a complete balance with the inherent feedback processes of the earth.

            There is still a lot of learning to do in how dealing with climate change is not a one-sided political process or an agenda but a common mission. The incoherence and nationalist illu

      • It's not just conservatives. It's almost everyone at this point. We have heard so many of these "end of the world" predictions that don't turn out. Nobody really believes it, or worse, cares any more.

        That "call me when the world ends" mentality has infected just about everyone.

        Look at the global temperatures over the last 65 million years. Look at the overall trend of global temperature since after the impact.
        There are graphics available from reputable sources.
        Let me know what you find.

      • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

        by Ichijo ( 607641 )

        We have heard so many of these "end of the world" predictions that don't turn out.

        Do you mean like Y2K? The reason why it didn't turn out was because we fixed it. But that hasn't stopped anybody from complaining about it.

        It's best to just ignore the deniers and move on.

      • the problem is the world is ending as far as suitable habitability goes for us but it's happening too slowly and is too politicized for people to notice or care
      • by Shaitan ( 22585 )

        This is actually a fine example. The parameters on these can be tuned to give just about any outcome they want. This one gives a picture perfect world cataclysm as early as 2025 so it is super scary but as late as 2095 so it is also super far away. Get out of jail free cards include

        Them being retired by 2050 so who cares.
        We can also publish a revision based on new data [collected every year]
        By 2095 we'll actually be dead.
        We don't have to release the source data it's built on so nobody can actually replicate

    • Re: (Score:2, Insightful)

      by Anonymous Coward

      I don't believe climate change is a hoax - but I am 100% certain most of the suggestions for how we should respond are.

      Slapping a heat pump on all the new hot water tanks is going to f*** all for our over all carbon foot print, as will trying to rapidly shift to EVs when we don't even have the supply of basic materials laid out or the generating capacity to run them if we did - using NOT fuels at the generating stations.

      Joe average is supposed to 'decarbon' while the slightly better off are busy putting AIR

    • yeah, it's totally just about white people driving trucks. Imagine the carbon reductions if all the effete urban progressives just disappeared one day.

    • Unfortunately conservatives will have to witness the Earth breaking bigly before they believe it's "not a hoax".

      Unfortunately 2, they'll probably then claim "well, it's too late to do anything, so let us keep our monster gas pickups."

      When the glaciers start rolling over North America the 'murcans will say "See, global warming was a scam all along!"

    • The silliest thing is that if there was a group of aliens injecting Earth atmosphere with greenhouse gases we would be at war footing and everyone would be worried about the planet and understand the issue.

      But when that is done by the humanity itself the topic has become amazingly convoluted.

    • by gtall ( 79522 )

      Nah, even then they'll just claim it is the End-O-Times and there's nothing we can do except await Jesus to save us. Hint: no one has seen hide nor hair of him for 2000+ years, so don't get your hopes up.

  • by magzteel ( 5013587 ) on Tuesday July 25, 2023 @02:22PM (#63714010)

    It's like clockwork, another breathless headline from The Guardian submitted by msmash.

    So, lets dig into the article. "The new study, published in the journal Nature Communications, used sea surface temperature data stretching back to 1870 as a proxy for the change in strength of Amoc currents over time. The researchers then mapped this data on to the path seen in systems that are approaching a particular type of tipping point called a “saddle-node bifurcation”. The data fitted “surprisingly well”, Ditlevsen said. The researchers were then able to extrapolate the data to estimate when the tipping point was likely to occur. Further statistical analysis provided a measure of the uncertainty in the estimate."

    Well I'm convinced. But those denialists at the IPCC aren't: "The most recent assessment by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change concluded that Amoc would not collapse this century."

    • by Misagon ( 1135 )

      The thing with IPCC is that they are actually quite conservative in their predictions.

      If they say that something isn't likely to happen, it could happen.
      If they say that something is about to happen, then there is weight behind it.

    • by sonlas ( 10282912 ) on Tuesday July 25, 2023 @02:33PM (#63714060)

      Well I'm convinced.

      Nobody cares.

      But those denialists at the IPCC aren't: "The most recent assessment by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change concluded that Amoc would not collapse this century."

      The goal of the IPCC is to look at all the science available at a point in time, collect it, and summarize it in several reports. The recent study about AMOC shutting down between 2025-2095 is likely to be included, and some of its conclusions/impacts, in the next IPCC reports.

      Also, you conveniently left out the sentence after the one you quoted, which addressed exactly that: "But Divlitsen said the models used (by the IPCC) have coarse resolution and are not adept at analysing the non-linear processes involved, which may make them overly conservative."

      • Re: (Score:2, Informative)

        Also, you conveniently left out the sentence after the one you quoted, which addressed exactly that: "But Divlitsen said the models used (by the IPCC) have coarse resolution and are not adept at analysing the non-linear processes involved, which may make them overly conservative."

        ... and in turn you left out the sentence after that: "The potential collapse of Amoc is intensely debated by scientists."*

        Disregarding all the attacks on scientific consensus by the right wing, this is important. This is one study; wait until it's analyzed by other scientists to see if it holds up before accepting it uncritically

        --
        * (followed by "who have previously said it must be avoided 'at all costs',” on which which I think everybody agrees.

  • 2025!? That's like, the day after tomorrow!

    Seriously, though, they are claiming 2060 +/- 35 years. That's a pretty big error band.

    • by Pascoea ( 968200 )
      Right? In unrelated news: Everyone that reads this comment will die sometime between July 25th 2023 and July 25th 2123.
      • It's OK to worry about how the consequences of your choices today may affect people after you're long dead.

        • by Pascoea ( 968200 )
          My comment was made merely to illustrate the ridiculousness of the paper's claim on potential timelines.
    • You know, that they simply say it will break down within the next 70 years is enough to worry about.

  • by cirby ( 2599 ) on Tuesday July 25, 2023 @02:32PM (#63714054)

    ...was from 2005. Referring to a web page that no longer exists.

    And it's been a recurring prophecy since the late 1980s.

    So the answer is "probably not."

  • Gulfstream could collapse

    [Citation needed]

    (Or Dassault Falcon or Learjet)

  • utter crap (Score:3, Interesting)

    by CoderFool ( 1366191 ) on Tuesday July 25, 2023 @02:39PM (#63714084)
    The warmer oceans from the solar heating at the equator and the colder oceans at the poles will ALWAYS drive convection of one sort or another. Salty or fresh water will still mix and make a current between warm and cold.
    The currents will continue in one form or another, whether it moves, goes deeper, spreads out or whatever, it will still be there. It the gulf stream is 'weakening' because it has shifted away from where your sensors are placed, then maybe you should figure out where it went, instead of pointing at the usual boogeymen.
  • 2025 is basically tomorrow, from a climatological perspective.
    If it's going to happen that soon or even if it's a certainty within the next 10-20 years, there's NOTHING short of extreme geoengineering we could do & I have no idea what that would be.

    • 2025 is basically tomorrow, from a climatological perspective.

      But the prediction wasn't 2025. The model's prediction was between 2025 and 2095; that is, no sooner than 2025.

  • by aaarrrgggh ( 9205 ) on Tuesday July 25, 2023 @03:48PM (#63714278)

    The doom and gloom isn't helping motivate young people to be properly engaged in finding solutions. The doom and gloom is being ignored by the old people. The doom and gloom doesn't make the problems easier to solve or even prepare. In many ways it encourages bad behavior-- protecting yourself at the expense of the community. The doom and gloom is being manipulated by the politicians.

    Some other approach is really needed. The people that know and understand this stuff already know we are fucked; which and how many of the 20 ways it might happen is a different animal. How do we figure out low-carbon ways to improve resilience and prepare for the likely outcomes?

    • Re: (Score:2, Interesting)

      Perhaps throwing a few oil execs and directors in jail until there was some meaningful change might encourage some action.

  • This article [archive.org] discusses a plan for re-filling the Aral sea by diverting part of the river Ob to flow southwards towards the Aral sea to prevent it from completely evaporating. This will also have the effect of reducing the dilution of salinity in the Arctic ocean which might help prevent the Gulf Stream from shutting down. Considering the situation in Russia right now, the chances of this happening are almost zero, but considering that the port of Murmansk would no longer be ice-free without a Gulf-Stream mi
    • by Luckyo ( 1726890 )

      In real world, Gulf Stream "stopping" fear mongering has existed as long as I lived. And it always had those incredible error margins of "it may happen in a couple of years, or in such a long time that no one will remember our study so we'll never have to answer for being wrong about it".

      So far, they have all been wrong. Artic ice has been receding nicely. A lot of nations have already understood that Gulf Stream pseudo-scientific wankery is bunk, and are preparing for the time when there's a path to traver

  • Actually right next door,

    https://arstechnica.com/scienc... [arstechnica.com]

    About 400,000 years ago, large parts of Greenland were ice-free. Scrubby tundra basked in the Sun’s rays on the island’s northwest highlands. Evidence suggests that a forest of spruce trees, buzzing with insects, covered the southern part of Greenland. Global sea level was much higher then, between 20 and 40 feet above today’s levels.

  • I was needing a fresh, model-driven concern about which to freak out.

    Never mind the climatista bollocks: we need to spaz like it's our job.

    I recommend more government power, additional constraints on liberty, and taxation on the air itself, so that it can quite literally take our breath away.

    It's time to have a beer with Fear. [youtube.com]

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